Summary
Place of publication:
Bull. Bur. Pl. Industr. U.S.D.A. 142:67. 1909, nom. cons. prop.
Comment:
the basionym Hibiscus simplex L. was proposed for conservation (nom. cons. prop.) with a conserved type (Melbourne ICN Art. 14.9)
Verified:
03/24/2010
ARS Systematic Botanists.
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
Reference(s)
- Applequist, W. L. 2012. Report of the Committee for Spermatophyta: 64. Taxon 61:1115-1116.
- Chinese Academy of Sciences. Flora reipublicae popularis sinicae. 1959-
- Door, L. J. 2011. (2041) Proposal to conserve the name Hibiscus simplex (Firmiana simplex)(Malvaceae) with a conserved type. Taxon 60:1781-1782.
- Editorial Committee of the Flora of Taiwan. Flora of Taiwan, 2nd ed. 1993-
- Encke, F. et al. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 13. Auflage. 1984
- Erhardt, W. et al. Der große Zander: Enzyklopädie der Pflanzennamen. 2008
- Hanelt, P., ed. Mansfeld's encyclopedia of agricultural and horticultural crops. Volumes 1-6. 2001
- Huxley, A., ed. The new Royal Horticultural Society dictionary of gardening. 1992
- Iwatsuki, K. et al. Flora of Japan. 1993-
- Jiangsu Inst. Bot., ed. v. 1; Shan. R. H., ed. v. 2. Jiangsu Zhiwuzhi (Flora of Jiangsu). 1977-1982
- Krüssmann, G. Manual of cultivated broad-leaved trees and shrubs (English translation of Handbuch der Laubgehölze. 1976). 1984
- Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. Hortus third. 1976
- Nasir, E. & S. I. Ali, eds. Flora of [West] Pakistan. 1970-
- Ohwi, J. Flora of Japan (Engl. ed.). 1965
- Steward, A. N. Manual of vascular plants of the lower Yangtze valley. 1958
- Walker, E. Flora of Okinawa and the southern Ryukyu Islands. 1976
- Walters, S. M. et al., eds. European garden flora. 1986-
- Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. Flora of China (English edition). 1994-
Common names
English
Chinese parasol-tree – Chinese-bottletree – Japanese varnishtree – phoenixtree – German
chinesischer Sonnenschirmbaum – Japanese Rōmaji
ao-giri – Transcribed Chinese
wu tong – Transcribed Korean
byeogodongnamu –
Distribution
| order_code | Status | Continent | Subcontinent | Country | State | Note |
| 1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | China | China | Anhui | |
| 1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | China | China | Fujian | |
| 1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | China | China | Guangdong | |
| 1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | China | China | Guangxi | |
| 1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | China | China | Guizhou | |
| 1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | China | China | Hainan | |
| 1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | China | China | Hubei | |
| 1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | China | China | Hunan | |
| 1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | China | China | Jiangsu | |
| 1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | China | China | Jiangxi | |
| 1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | China | China | Shaanxi | |
| 1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | China | China | Shandong | |
| 1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | China | China | Shanxi | |
| 1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | China | China | Sichuan | |
| 1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | China | China | Yunnan | |
| 1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | China | China | Zhejiang | |
| 1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Eastern Asia | Japan | Honshu | |
| 1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Eastern Asia | Japan | Kyushu | |
| 1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Eastern Asia | Japan | Ryukyu Islands | |
| 1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Eastern Asia | Japan | Shikoku | |
| 1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Eastern Asia | Taiwan | | |
| 2 | Cultivated | Asia-Temperate | Eastern Asia | Korea | | |
| 2 | Cultivated | Europe | | Europe | | |
| 2 | Cultivated | Northern America | | United States | | |
| 4 | Naturalized | | | | | |
Native
Asia-Temperate
-
CHINA:
China [Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang]
-
EASTERN ASIA:
Japan [Honshu, Kyushu, Ryukyu Islands, Shikoku], Taiwan
Cultivated
Asia-Temperate
Europe
Northern America
Naturalized
()
Economic Uses
| Usage | Type | Note | Reference |
| Environmental | ornamental | | Huxley, A., ed. The new Royal Horticultural Society dictionary of gardening. 1992 |
| Materials | fiber | | Hanelt, P., ed. Mansfeld's encyclopedia of agricultural and horticultural crops. Volumes 1-6. 2001 |
Cite as: USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Plant Germplasm System.
2025. Germplasm Resources Information Network
(GRIN Taxonomy). National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
URL: https://ausgenebank.agriculture.vic.gov.au/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomydetail?id=102001.
Accessed 15 December 2025.