Summary
Place of publication:
Sp. pl. 2:905. 1753
Verified:
03/08/2010
ARS Systematic Botanists.
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
Reference(s)
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Common names
English
earth-apple – Jerusalem-artichoke – sunchoke – topinambur – French
artichaut de Jérusalem – topinambour – German
Erdbirne – Indianerknolle – Topinambur – Japanese Rōmaji
kiku-imo – Portuguese (Brazil)
batata-tupinambá – girassol-de-batata – tupinambá – tupinambor – Spanish
aguaturma – castaña de tierra – námara – pataca – patata de caña – Swedish
jordärtskocka – Transliterated Russian
podsolnečnik klubenosnij – topinambur – zemljanaja gruša –
Distribution
| order_code | Status | Continent | Subcontinent | Country | State | Note |
| 1 | Native | Northern America | Eastern Canada | Canada | New Brunswick | |
| 1 | Native | Northern America | Eastern Canada | Canada | Nova Scotia | |
| 1 | Native | Northern America | Eastern Canada | Canada | Ontario | |
| 1 | Native | Northern America | Eastern Canada | Canada | Prince Edward Island | |
| 1 | Native | Northern America | Eastern Canada | Canada | Quebec | |
| 1 | Native | Northern America | North-Central U.S.A. | United States | Illinois | |
| 1 | Native | Northern America | North-Central U.S.A. | United States | Iowa | |
| 1 | Native | Northern America | North-Central U.S.A. | United States | Kansas | |
| 1 | Native | Northern America | North-Central U.S.A. | United States | Minnesota | |
| 1 | Native | Northern America | North-Central U.S.A. | United States | Missouri | |
| 1 | Native | Northern America | North-Central U.S.A. | United States | Nebraska | |
| 1 | Native | Northern America | North-Central U.S.A. | United States | North Dakota | |
| 1 | Native | Northern America | North-Central U.S.A. | United States | Oklahoma | |
| 1 | Native | Northern America | North-Central U.S.A. | United States | South Dakota | |
| 1 | Native | Northern America | North-Central U.S.A. | United States | Wisconsin | |
| 1 | Native | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | Connecticut | |
| 1 | Native | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | Indiana | |
| 1 | Native | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | Maine | |
| 1 | Native | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | Massachusetts | |
| 1 | Native | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | Michigan | |
| 1 | Native | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | New Hampshire | |
| 1 | Native | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | New Jersey | |
| 1 | Native | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | New York | |
| 1 | Native | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | Ohio | |
| 1 | Native | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | Pennsylvania | |
| 1 | Native | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | Rhode Island | |
| 1 | Native | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | Vermont | |
| 1 | Native | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | West Virginia | |
| 1 | Native | Northern America | Northwestern U.S.A. | United States | Colorado | |
| 1 | Native | Northern America | Northwestern U.S.A. | United States | Idaho | |
| 1 | Native | Northern America | Northwestern U.S.A. | United States | Washington | |
| 1 | Native | Northern America | Northwestern U.S.A. | United States | Wyoming | |
| 1 | Native | Northern America | South-Central U.S.A. | United States | Texas | |
| 1 | Native | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Alabama | |
| 1 | Native | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Arkansas | |
| 1 | Native | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Delaware | |
| 1 | Native | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | District of Columbia | |
| 1 | Native | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Florida | |
| 1 | Native | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Georgia | |
| 1 | Native | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Kentucky | |
| 1 | Native | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Louisiana | |
| 1 | Native | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Maryland | |
| 1 | Native | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Mississippi | |
| 1 | Native | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | North Carolina | |
| 1 | Native | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | South Carolina | |
| 1 | Native | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Tennessee | |
| 1 | Native | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Virginia | |
| 1 | Native | Northern America | Western Canada | Canada | Manitoba | |
| 1 | Native | Northern America | Western Canada | Canada | Saskatchewan | |
| 2 | Cultivated | | | | | |
| 4 | Naturalized | Africa | Macaronesia | Portugal | Azores | |
| 4 | Naturalized | Asia-Temperate | Caucasus | Russian Federation-Ciscaucasia | Ciscaucasia | |
| 4 | Naturalized | Asia-Temperate | China | China | | |
| 4 | Naturalized | Asia-Temperate | Eastern Asia | Japan | | |
| 4 | Naturalized | Asia-Temperate | Western Asia | Cyprus | | |
| 4 | Naturalized | Australasia | Australia | Australia | | |
| 4 | Naturalized | Australasia | New Zealand | New Zealand | | |
| 4 | Naturalized | Europe | East Europe | Belarus | | |
| 4 | Naturalized | Europe | East Europe | Estonia | | |
| 4 | Naturalized | Europe | East Europe | Latvia | | |
| 4 | Naturalized | Europe | East Europe | Lithuania | | |
| 4 | Naturalized | Europe | East Europe | Moldova | | |
| 4 | Naturalized | Europe | East Europe | Russian Federation-European part | European part | |
| 4 | Naturalized | Europe | East Europe | Ukraine | | |
| 4 | Naturalized | Europe | Middle Europe | Austria | | |
| 4 | Naturalized | Europe | Middle Europe | Belgium | | |
| 4 | Naturalized | Europe | Middle Europe | Czech Republic | | |
| 4 | Naturalized | Europe | Middle Europe | Germany | | |
| 4 | Naturalized | Europe | Middle Europe | Hungary | | |
| 4 | Naturalized | Europe | Middle Europe | Netherlands | | |
| 4 | Naturalized | Europe | Middle Europe | Poland | | |
| 4 | Naturalized | Europe | Middle Europe | Slovakia | | |
| 4 | Naturalized | Europe | Middle Europe | Switzerland | | |
| 4 | Naturalized | Europe | Northern Europe | Norway | | |
| 4 | Naturalized | Europe | Northern Europe | Sweden | | |
| 4 | Naturalized | Europe | Northern Europe | United Kingdom | | |
| 4 | Naturalized | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Albania | | |
| 4 | Naturalized | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Bulgaria | | |
| 4 | Naturalized | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Croatia | | |
| 4 | Naturalized | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Italy | | |
| 4 | Naturalized | Europe | Southeastern Europe | North Macedonia | | |
| 4 | Naturalized | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Romania | | |
| 4 | Naturalized | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Slovenia | | |
| 4 | Naturalized | Europe | Southwestern Europe | France | | |
| 4 | Naturalized | Europe | Southwestern Europe | Spain | | |
| 4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Southern South America | Argentina | | |
| 4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Southern South America | Uruguay | | |
| 6 | Other | | | | | |
Native
Northern America
-
EASTERN CANADA:
Canada [New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec]
-
NORTH-CENTRAL U.S.A.:
United States [Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Wisconsin]
-
NORTHEASTERN U.S.A.:
United States [Connecticut, Indiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, West Virginia]
-
NORTHWESTERN U.S.A.:
United States [Colorado, Idaho, Washington, Wyoming]
-
SOUTH-CENTRAL U.S.A.:
United States [Texas]
-
SOUTHEASTERN U.S.A.:
United States [Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia]
-
WESTERN CANADA:
Canada [Manitoba, Saskatchewan]
Cultivated
()
Naturalized
Africa
-
MACARONESIA:
Portugal [Azores]
Asia-Temperate
-
CAUCASUS:
Russian Federation-Ciscaucasia [Ciscaucasia]
-
CHINA:
China
-
EASTERN ASIA:
Japan
-
WESTERN ASIA:
Cyprus
Australasia
-
AUSTRALIA:
Australia
-
NEW ZEALAND:
New Zealand
Europe
-
EAST EUROPE:
Russian Federation-European part [European part], Belarus, Estonia, Lithuania, Latvia, Moldova, Ukraine
-
MIDDLE EUROPE:
Austria, Belgium, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, Netherlands, Poland, Slovakia
-
NORTHERN EUROPE:
United Kingdom, Norway, Sweden
-
SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE:
Albania, Bulgaria, Croatia, Italy, North Macedonia, Romania, Slovenia
-
SOUTHWESTERN EUROPE:
Spain, France
Southern America
-
SOUTHERN SOUTH AMERICA:
Argentina, Uruguay
Other
()
Economic Uses
| Usage | Type | Note | Reference |
| Animal food | fodder | | Burkart, A. E., ed. Flora ilustrada de Entre Rios. 1969- |
| Animal food | forage | | Burkart, A. E., ed. Flora ilustrada de Entre Rios. 1969- |
| Fuels | potential as petroleum substitute/alcohol | | Margaritis, A. & P. Bajpai. 1982. Ethanol production from Jerusalem artichoke tubers (Helianthus tuberosus) using Kluvyeromyces marxianus and Saccharomyces rosei. Biotechnol. Bioengin. 24:941-953. |
| Human food | starch | | Burkart, A. E., ed. Flora ilustrada de Entre Rios. 1969- |
| Human food | vegetable | | Burkart, A. E., ed. Flora ilustrada de Entre Rios. 1969- |
| Medicines | folklore | | McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2. 2000 |
| Vertebrate poisons | mammals | | Cooper, M. R. & A. W. Johnson. Poisonous plants and fungi in Britain: animal and human poisoning. 1998 |
| Weed | potential seed contaminant | | Rehorek, V. 1997. Cultivated and escaped perennial Helianthus species in Europe. Preslia 69:59-70. |
Cite as: USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Plant Germplasm System.
2025. Germplasm Resources Information Network
(GRIN Taxonomy). National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
URL: https://ausgenebank.agriculture.vic.gov.au/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomydetail?id=27946.
Accessed 8 December 2025.