Summary
Place of publication:
Sp. pl. 2:794. 1753
Verified:
03/22/2012
ARS Systematic Botanists.
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
Reference(s)
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Common names
English
annual sow thistle – common milk thistle – common sow thistle – hare's-lettuce – milk thistle – smooth sow thistle – sow thistle – French
laiteron – German
Kohl-Gänsedistel – Portuguese (Brazil)
chicória-brava – serralha-lisa – Spanish
cerraja – Swedish
kålmolke – Transcribed Chinese
ku ju cai –
Distribution
order_code | Status | Continent | Subcontinent | Country | State | Note |
1 | Native | Africa | Macaronesia | Portugal | Madeira Islands | |
1 | Native | Africa | Macaronesia | Spain | Canary Islands | |
1 | Native | Africa | Northern Africa | Algeria | | |
1 | Native | Africa | Northern Africa | Egypt | | |
1 | Native | Africa | Northern Africa | Libya | | |
1 | Native | Africa | Northern Africa | Morocco | | |
1 | Native | Africa | Northern Africa | Tunisia | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Caucasus | Armenia | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Caucasus | Azerbaijan | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Caucasus | Georgia | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Caucasus | Russian Federation | Dagestan | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Caucasus | Russian Federation-Ciscaucasia | Ciscaucasia | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Eastern Asia | Korea | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Middle Asia | Kazakhstan | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Middle Asia | Kyrgyzstan | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Middle Asia | Tajikistan | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Middle Asia | Turkmenistan | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Russian Far East | Russian Federation | Amur | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Russian Far East | Russian Federation | Magadan | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Russian Far East | Russian Federation | Primorye | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Russian Far East | Russian Federation | Sakhalin | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Siberia | Russian Federation | Altay | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Siberia | Russian Federation-Eastern Siberia | Eastern Siberia | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Siberia | Russian Federation-Western Siberia | Western Siberia | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Western Asia | Afghanistan | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Western Asia | Cyprus | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Western Asia | Egypt | Sinai | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Western Asia | Iran | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Western Asia | Iraq | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Western Asia | Israel | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Western Asia | Jordan | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Western Asia | Lebanon | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Western Asia | Syria | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Western Asia | Turkey | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Tropical | Indian Subcontinent | Pakistan | | |
1 | Native | Europe | East Europe | Belarus | | |
1 | Native | Europe | East Europe | Estonia | | |
1 | Native | Europe | East Europe | Latvia | | |
1 | Native | Europe | East Europe | Lithuania | | |
1 | Native | Europe | East Europe | Moldova | | |
1 | Native | Europe | East Europe | Russian Federation-European part | European part | |
1 | Native | Europe | East Europe | Ukraine | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Middle Europe | Austria | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Middle Europe | Belgium | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Middle Europe | Czech Republic | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Middle Europe | Germany | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Middle Europe | Hungary | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Middle Europe | Netherlands | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Middle Europe | Poland | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Middle Europe | Slovakia | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Middle Europe | Switzerland | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Northern Europe | Denmark | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Northern Europe | Finland | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Northern Europe | Ireland | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Northern Europe | Norway | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Northern Europe | Sweden | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Northern Europe | United Kingdom | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Albania | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Bosnia and Herzegovina | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Bulgaria | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Croatia | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Greece | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Italy | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Montenegro | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | North Macedonia | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Romania | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Serbia | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Slovenia | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southwestern Europe | France | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southwestern Europe | Portugal | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southwestern Europe | Spain | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | East Tropical Africa | Kenya | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | East Tropical Africa | Tanzania | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | East Tropical Africa | Uganda | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | Macaronesia | Cabo Verde | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | Macaronesia | Portugal | Azores | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | Northeast Tropical Africa | Eritrea | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | Northeast Tropical Africa | Ethiopia | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | Northeast Tropical Africa | Somalia | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | Northeast Tropical Africa | Yemen | Socotra | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | South Tropical Africa | Angola | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | South Tropical Africa | Malawi | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | South Tropical Africa | Mozambique | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | South Tropical Africa | Zambia | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | South Tropical Africa | Zimbabwe | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | Southern Africa | Botswana | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | Southern Africa | Eswatini | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | Southern Africa | Lesotho | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | Southern Africa | Namibia | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | Southern Africa | South Africa | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | West Tropical Africa | Guinea | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | West Tropical Africa | Mali | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | West Tropical Africa | Nigeria | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | West Tropical Africa | Senegal | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | West-Central Tropical Africa | Burundi | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | West-Central Tropical Africa | Cameroon | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | West-Central Tropical Africa | Equatorial Guinea | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | West-Central Tropical Africa | Rwanda | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | West-Central Tropical Africa | Zaire | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | Western Indian Ocean | Mauritius | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | Western Indian Ocean | Reunion | | |
4 | Naturalized | Asia-Temperate | Arabian Peninsula | Oman | | |
4 | Naturalized | Asia-Temperate | Arabian Peninsula | Yemen | | |
4 | Naturalized | Asia-Temperate | China | China | | |
4 | Naturalized | Asia-Temperate | Eastern Asia | Taiwan | | |
4 | Naturalized | Asia-Temperate | Mongolia | Mongolia | | |
4 | Naturalized | Asia-Tropical | Indian Subcontinent | Bhutan | | |
4 | Naturalized | Asia-Tropical | Indian Subcontinent | India | | |
4 | Naturalized | Asia-Tropical | Indian Subcontinent | Nepal | | |
4 | Naturalized | Asia-Tropical | Indian Subcontinent | Sri Lanka | | |
4 | Naturalized | Asia-Tropical | Indo-China | Cambodia | | |
4 | Naturalized | Asia-Tropical | Indo-China | Myanmar | | |
4 | Naturalized | Asia-Tropical | Indo-China | Thailand | | |
4 | Naturalized | Asia-Tropical | Indo-China | Vietnam | | |
4 | Naturalized | Asia-Tropical | Malesia | Indonesia | | |
4 | Naturalized | Asia-Tropical | Malesia | Malaysia | | |
4 | Naturalized | Asia-Tropical | Malesia | Papua New Guinea | | |
4 | Naturalized | Asia-Tropical | Malesia | Philippines | | |
4 | Naturalized | Australasia | Australia | Australia | | |
4 | Naturalized | Australasia | New Zealand | New Zealand | | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Eastern Canada | Canada | New Brunswick | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Eastern Canada | Canada | Newfoundland | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Eastern Canada | Canada | Nova Scotia | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Eastern Canada | Canada | Ontario | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Eastern Canada | Canada | Prince Edward Island | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Eastern Canada | Canada | Quebec | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Eastern Canada | St. Pierre and Miquelon | | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | North-Central U.S.A. | United States | Illinois | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | North-Central U.S.A. | United States | Iowa | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | North-Central U.S.A. | United States | Kansas | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | North-Central U.S.A. | United States | Minnesota | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | North-Central U.S.A. | United States | Missouri | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | North-Central U.S.A. | United States | Nebraska | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | North-Central U.S.A. | United States | North Dakota | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | North-Central U.S.A. | United States | Oklahoma | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | North-Central U.S.A. | United States | South Dakota | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | North-Central U.S.A. | United States | Wisconsin | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | Connecticut | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | Indiana | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | Maine | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | Massachusetts | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | Michigan | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | New Hampshire | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | New Jersey | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | New York | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | Ohio | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | Pennsylvania | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | Rhode Island | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | Vermont | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | West Virginia | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northern Mexico | Mexico | Baja Norte | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northern Mexico | Mexico | Baja Sur | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northern Mexico | Mexico | Chihuahua | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northern Mexico | Mexico | Coahuila | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northern Mexico | Mexico | Nuevo Leon | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northern Mexico | Mexico | San Luis Potosi | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northern Mexico | Mexico | Sinaloa | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northern Mexico | Mexico | Sonora | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northern Mexico | Mexico | Tamaulipas | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northern Mexico | Mexico | Zacatecas | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northwestern U.S.A. | United States | Colorado | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northwestern U.S.A. | United States | Idaho | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northwestern U.S.A. | United States | Montana | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northwestern U.S.A. | United States | Oregon | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northwestern U.S.A. | United States | Washington | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northwestern U.S.A. | United States | Wyoming | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | South-Central U.S.A. | United States | New Mexico | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | South-Central U.S.A. | United States | Texas | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Alabama | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Arkansas | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Delaware | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | District of Columbia | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Florida | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Georgia | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Kentucky | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Louisiana | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Maryland | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Mississippi | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | South Carolina | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Tennessee | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Virginia | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Campeche | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Chiapas | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Colima | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Federal District | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Guanajuato | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Guerrero | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Hidalgo | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Jalisco | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Mexico | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Michoacan | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Morelos | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Oaxaca | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Puebla | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Queretaro | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Quintana Roo | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Tlaxcala | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Veracruz | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Yucatan | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southwestern U.S.A. | United States | Arizona | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southwestern U.S.A. | United States | California | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southwestern U.S.A. | United States | Nevada | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southwestern U.S.A. | United States | Utah | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Subarctic America | Canada | Northwest Territory | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Subarctic America | Greenland | | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Subarctic America | United States | Alaska | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Western Canada | Canada | Alberta | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Western Canada | Canada | British Columbia | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Western Canada | Canada | Manitoba | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Western Canada | Canada | Saskatchewan | |
4 | Naturalized | Pacific | North-Central Pacific | U.S. Outlying Islands | Johnston Atoll | |
4 | Naturalized | Pacific | North-Central Pacific | U.S. Outlying Islands | Midway Islands | |
4 | Naturalized | Pacific | North-Central Pacific | United States | Hawaii | |
4 | Naturalized | Pacific | Northwestern Pacific | Guam | | |
4 | Naturalized | Pacific | Northwestern Pacific | Marshall Islands | | |
4 | Naturalized | Pacific | Northwestern Pacific | Micronesia | Pohnpei | |
4 | Naturalized | Pacific | Northwestern Pacific | U.S. Outlying Islands | Wake Island | |
4 | Naturalized | Pacific | South-Central Pacific | Cook Islands | | |
4 | Naturalized | Pacific | South-Central Pacific | French Polynesia | | |
4 | Naturalized | Pacific | South-Central Pacific | Kiribati | Line Islands | |
4 | Naturalized | Pacific | South-Central Pacific | Pitcairn | | |
4 | Naturalized | Pacific | Southwestern Pacific | Fiji | | |
4 | Naturalized | Pacific | Southwestern Pacific | Kiribati | Gilbert Islands | |
4 | Naturalized | Pacific | Southwestern Pacific | New Caledonia | | |
4 | Naturalized | Pacific | Southwestern Pacific | Niue | | |
4 | Naturalized | Pacific | Southwestern Pacific | Tonga | | |
4 | Naturalized | Pacific | Southwestern Pacific | Wallis and Futuna Islands | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Brazil | Brazil | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Caribbean | Anguilla | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Caribbean | Antigua and Barbuda | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Caribbean | Bahamas | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Caribbean | Barbados | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Caribbean | Cuba | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Caribbean | Dominica | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Caribbean | Grenada | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Caribbean | Guadeloupe | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Caribbean | Hispaniola | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Caribbean | Jamaica | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Caribbean | Martinique | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Caribbean | Montserrat | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Caribbean | Netherlands Antilles | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Caribbean | Puerto Rico | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Caribbean | St. Lucia | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Caribbean | St. Vincent and Grenadines | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Caribbean | Trinidad and Tobago | Trinidad | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Caribbean | Virgin Islands (British) | Tortola | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Caribbean | Virgin Islands (U.S.) | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Mesoamerica | Belize | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Mesoamerica | Costa Rica | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Mesoamerica | El Salvador | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Mesoamerica | Guatemala | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Mesoamerica | Honduras | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Mesoamerica | Nicaragua | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Mesoamerica | Panama | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Northern South America | Venezuela | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Southern South America | Argentina | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Southern South America | Chile | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Southern South America | Paraguay | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Southern South America | Uruguay | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Western South America | Colombia | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Western South America | Ecuador | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Western South America | Peru | | |
Native
Africa
-
MACARONESIA:
Spain [Canary Islands], Portugal [Madeira Islands]
-
NORTHERN AFRICA:
Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia
Asia-Temperate
-
CAUCASUS:
Russian Federation-Ciscaucasia [Ciscaucasia], Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Russian Federation [Dagestan]
-
EASTERN ASIA:
Korea
-
MIDDLE ASIA:
Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan
-
RUSSIAN FAR EAST:
Russian Federation [Amur, Magadan, Primorye, Sakhalin]
-
SIBERIA:
Russian Federation-Western Siberia [Western Siberia], Russian Federation-Eastern Siberia [Eastern Siberia], Russian Federation [Altay]
-
WESTERN ASIA:
Afghanistan, Cyprus, Egypt [Sinai], Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, Turkey
Asia-Tropical
-
INDIAN SUBCONTINENT:
Pakistan
Europe
-
EAST EUROPE:
Russian Federation-European part [European part], Belarus, Estonia, Lithuania, Latvia, Moldova, Ukraine
-
MIDDLE EUROPE:
Austria, Belgium, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, Netherlands, Poland, Slovakia
-
NORTHERN EUROPE:
Denmark, Finland, United Kingdom, Ireland, Norway, Sweden
-
SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE:
Albania, Bulgaria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Greece, Croatia, Italy, North Macedonia, Montenegro, Romania, Serbia, Slovenia
-
SOUTHWESTERN EUROPE:
Spain, France, Portugal
Naturalized
Africa
-
EAST TROPICAL AFRICA:
Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda
-
MACARONESIA:
Cabo Verde, Portugal [Azores]
-
NORTHEAST TROPICAL AFRICA:
Eritrea, Ethiopia, Somalia, Yemen [Socotra]
-
SOUTH TROPICAL AFRICA:
Angola, Mozambique, Malawi, Zambia, Zimbabwe
-
SOUTHERN AFRICA:
Botswana, Lesotho, Namibia, Eswatini, South Africa
-
WEST TROPICAL AFRICA:
Guinea, Mali, Nigeria, Senegal
-
WEST-CENTRAL TROPICAL AFRICA:
Burundi, Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Rwanda, Zaire
-
WESTERN INDIAN OCEAN:
Mauritius, Reunion
Asia-Temperate
-
ARABIAN PENINSULA:
Oman, Yemen
-
CHINA:
China
-
EASTERN ASIA:
Taiwan
-
MONGOLIA:
Mongolia
Asia-Tropical
-
INDIAN SUBCONTINENT:
Bhutan, India, Sri Lanka, Nepal
-
INDO-CHINA:
Cambodia, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam
-
MALESIA:
Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Papua New Guinea
Australasia
-
AUSTRALIA:
Australia
-
NEW ZEALAND:
New Zealand
Northern America
-
EASTERN CANADA:
Canada [Quebec, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, New Brunswick, Newfoundland], St. Pierre and Miquelon
-
NORTH-CENTRAL U.S.A.:
United States [Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Wisconsin]
-
NORTHEASTERN U.S.A.:
United States [Connecticut, Indiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, West Virginia]
-
NORTHERN MEXICO:
Mexico [Baja Norte, Baja Sur, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo Leon, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tamaulipas, Zacatecas]
-
NORTHWESTERN U.S.A.:
United States [Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington, Wyoming]
-
SOUTH-CENTRAL U.S.A.:
United States [New Mexico, Texas]
-
SOUTHEASTERN U.S.A.:
United States [Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia]
-
SOUTHERN MEXICO:
Mexico [Campeche, Chiapas, Colima, Federal District, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico, Michoacan, Morelos, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, Quintana Roo, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, Yucatan]
-
SOUTHWESTERN U.S.A.:
United States [Arizona, California, Nevada, Utah]
-
SUBARCTIC AMERICA:
Canada [Northwest Territory], Greenland, United States [Alaska]
-
WESTERN CANADA:
Canada [Saskatchewan, Alberta, Manitoba, British Columbia]
Pacific
-
NORTH-CENTRAL PACIFIC:
U.S. Outlying Islands [Johnston Atoll, Midway Islands], United States [Hawaii]
-
NORTHWESTERN PACIFIC:
Micronesia [Pohnpei], Guam, Marshall Islands, U.S. Outlying Islands [Wake Island]
-
SOUTH-CENTRAL PACIFIC:
Cook Islands, Kiribati [Line Islands], Pitcairn, French Polynesia
-
SOUTHWESTERN PACIFIC:
Fiji, Kiribati [Gilbert Islands], New Caledonia, Niue, Tonga, Wallis and Futuna Islands
Southern America
-
BRAZIL:
Brazil
-
CARIBBEAN:
Hispaniola, Anguilla, Netherlands Antilles, Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Cuba, Dominica, Guadeloupe, Grenada, Jamaica, St. Lucia, Montserrat, Martinique, Puerto Rico, Trinidad and Tobago [Trinidad], St. Vincent and Grenadines, Virgin Islands (British) [Tortola], Virgin Islands (U.S.)
-
MESOAMERICA:
Belize, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, El Salvador
-
NORTHERN SOUTH AMERICA:
Venezuela
-
SOUTHERN SOUTH AMERICA:
Argentina, Chile, Paraguay, Uruguay
-
WESTERN SOUTH AMERICA:
Colombia, Ecuador, Peru
Economic Uses
Usage | Type | Note | Reference |
Medicines | folklore | | McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2. 2000 |
Weed | potential seed contaminant | | Holm, L. et al. A geographical atlas of world weeds. 1979 |
Cite as: USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Plant Germplasm System.
2024. Germplasm Resources Information Network
(GRIN Taxonomy). National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
URL: https://ausgenebank.agriculture.vic.gov.au/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomydetail?id=34939.
Accessed 19 September 2024.