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Taxon:
Hordeum vulgare
L. subsp.
vulgare
Nomenclature
Common Names
Distribution
Economic Uses
Summary
Genus:
Hordeum
Subgenus:
Hordeum
Section:
Hordeum
Family:
Poaceae
(alt. Gramineae)
Subfamily:
Pooideae
Tribe:
Triticeae
Subtribe:
Hordeinae
Nomen number:
19333
Verified:
05/29/1992
ARS Systematic Botanists.
Accessions:
16869
(
16869
active,
12815
available)
in National Plant Germplasm System.
(Map it)
Other conspecific taxa
Hordeum vulgare
L.
(13347 active accession[s])
Hordeum vulgare
L. subsp.
spontaneum
(K. Koch) Thell.
(285 active accession[s])
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
Basionym
Hordeum vulgare
L. subsp.
intermedium
Korn., nom. nud.
Homotypic Synonym(s)
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
vulgare
Heterotypic Synonym(s)
Hordeum agriocrithon
A. E. Aberg
Hordeum agriocrithon
A. E. Aberg var.
dawoense
A. E. Aberg
Hordeum coeleste
Viborg ex Kunth var.
trifurcatum
Schltdl.
Hordeum deficiens
Steud. ex A. Braun
Hordeum deficiens
Steud. ex A. Braun var.
nudideficians
(Korn.) H. V. Harlan
Hordeum deficiens
Steud. ex A. Braun var.
steudelii
(Korn.) H. V. Harlan
Hordeum deficiens
Steud. ex A. Braun var.
tridax
(Korn.) H. V. Harlan
Hordeum distichon
L.
Hordeum distichon
L. var.
abyssinicum
Ser.
Hordeum distichon
L. var.
erectum
Schubl.
Hordeum distichon
L. var.
ianthinum
Korn.
Hordeum distichon
L. var.
nigricans
Ser.
Hordeum distichon
L. var.
nudum
L.
Hordeum distichon
L. var.
nutans
Schubl.
Hordeum distichon
L. var.
nudideficiens
Korn.
Hordeum distichon
L. var.
palmella
H. V. Harlan
Hordeum distichon
L. var.
persicum
Korn.
Hordeum distichon
L. var.
tridax
Korn.
Hordeum hexastichon
L.
Hordeum
×
intermedium
(Korn.) Carleton
Hordeum
×
intermedium
(Korn.) Carleton var.
cornutum
(Schrad.) H. V. Harlan
Hordeum
×
intermedium
(Korn.) Carleton var.
haxtonii
Korn.
Hordeum
×
intermedium
(Korn.) Carleton var.
mortonii
Korn.
Hordeum
×
intermedium
(Korn.) Carleton var.
nudihaxtonii
Korn.
Hordeum polystichon
Haller f.
Hordeum polystichum
var.
trifurcatum
(Schltdl.) Asch. & Graebn.
Hordeum tetrastichum
Stokes
Hordeum tetrastichum
Stokes var.
aethiops
ined.?
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
aethiops
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
afghanicum
Vavilov ex N. A. Ivanova
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
coeleste
L.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
coerulescens
Ser.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
cornutum
Schrad.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
deficiens
(Steud. ex A. Braun) Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
duplinigrum
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
himalayense
(Schult.) Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
horsfordianum
Wittm.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
leiorrhynchum
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
nigricans
(Ser.) Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
nigrum
(Willd.) Peterm.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
pallidum
Ser.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
steudelii
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
tetrastichon
Celak.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
trifurcatum
(Schltdl.) Alef.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
violaceum
Korn., nom. nud.
Hordeum zeocriton
L.
Hordeum aegiceras
Nees ex Royle
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
nudum
Spenn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. subsp.
deficiens
(Steud. ex A. Braun) A. Love
Hordeum sativum
Jess.
Hordeum vulgare
L. subsp.
interjectum
Flaksb.
Hordeum irregulare
A. E. Aberg & Wiebe
Hordeum pyramidatum
R. E. Regel
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
rikotense
R. E. Regel
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
distichon
(L.) Hook. f.
Hordeum vulgare
L. subsp.
distichon
(L.) Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
abergii
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
abyssinicum
(Ser.) Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
addisabebae
Vavilov & Orlov ex Lukyanova et al.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
aethiopicum
Vavilov & Orlov
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
africanum
Vavilov ex Lukyanova et al.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
amaricum
Orlov
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
angustispicatum
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
angustissimum
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
ankoberense
Vavilov & Orlov
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
anomalum
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
asiaticoides
Mansf.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
asiaticum
Vavilov
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
asmaricum
Orlov ex Lukyanova et al.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
atratum
Vavilov & Orlov ex Lukyanova et al.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
atricornutum
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
atrispicatum
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
atroviolaceum
Mansf.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
atterbergianum
R. E. Regel
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
atterbergii
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
axumicum
Vavilov & Orlov
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
bactrianum
Vavilov
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
brachyantherum
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
braunii
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
breve
Alef.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
breviaristatum
Vavilov & Orlov ex Lukyanova et al.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
brevisetum
R. E. Regel
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
brevispicatum
Vavilov & Orlov ex Lukyanova et al.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
brunneinudum
Vavilov & Orlov, nom. inval.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
chalunicum
Vavilov & Orlov ex Lukyanova et al., nom. inval.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
chinense
Vavilov & Orlov
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
chungense
A. E. Aberg
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
colonicum
Vavilov & Orlov, nom. inval.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
compactum
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
compositum
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
contractum
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
copticum
Vavilov
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
cornutiforme
A. E. Aberg
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
crispicapillum
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
crispum
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
cucullatum
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
curylepis
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
daghestanicum
Vavilov & Orlov, nom. inval.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
decorticatum
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
decussatum
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
densum
Ser.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
djimmaicum
Orlov
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
dubium
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
dundar
Zhuk.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
duplialbum
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
dupliatrum
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
erectum
J. L. Rode ex Schubl.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
erythreictum
Orlov
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
euryhypatherum
Orlov, nom. inval.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
freislebenii
Mansf.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
glabriasiaticum
Vavilov
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
glabribrevisetum
Vavilov
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
glabricoeleste
Vavilov
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
glabrideficiens
Vavilov, nom. inval.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
glabrierectum
Vavilov, nom. inval.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
glabrigracilius
Orlov, nom. inval.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
glabriparallelum
Orlov, nom. inval.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
glabripyramidatum
Vavilov, nom. inval.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
glabrispicatum
Vavilov & Orlov, nom. inval.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
glabriviride
Trofim.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
gobicum
Vavilov & Orlov
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
gracilius
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
griseinigrum
Vavilov & Orlov, nom. inval.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
griseinudum
Vavilov & Orlov, nom. inval.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
gustafssonii
Mansf.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
gymnanomalun
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
gymnocrithum
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
gymnospermum
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
hadaka
Vavilov & Orlov, nom. inval.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
hangaicum
Vavilov & Orlov, nom. inval.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
harlani
Vavilov & Orlov, nom. inval.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
haxtoni
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
heterolepis
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
hochstetteri
Mansf.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
hybernum
Viborg
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
hypatherum
Vavilov & Orlov, nom. inval.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
ibericum
Vavilov & Orlov, nom. inval.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
inerme
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
insularum
Vavilov & Orlov, nom. inval.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
janthinun
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
japonicum
Vavilov & Orlov, nom. inval.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
kobdicum
Vavilov & Orlov, nom. inval.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
koernickei
Mansf.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
krausianum
Wittm.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
lamarum
A. E. Aberg
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
latibrevisetum
Vavilov & Orlov, nom. inval.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
latiglumatum
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
latinudipyramidatum
Vavilov & Orlov, nom. inval.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
latirevelatum
Vavilov & Orlov, nom. inval.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
latispicatum
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
leioheterolepis
Vavilov ex Lukyanova et al.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
leiomacrolepis
R. E. Regel
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
macrolepis
(A. Br.) Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
medicum
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
melanocrithum
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
meneliki
Vavilov ex Orlov
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
micrurum
Vavilov & Orlov, nom. inval.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
mongolicum
Vavilov & Orlov, nom. inval.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
mortoni
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
multispiculum
Mansf.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
nanum
Vavilov & Orlov, nom. inval.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
neogenes
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
nigrinudum
Vavilov, nom. inval.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
nigripallidum
R. E. Regel
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
nigriscens
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
nigritonsum
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
nipponicum
Vavilov & Orlov, nom. inval.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
nudideficiens
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
nudidubium
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
nudifurcatum
R. E. Regel
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
nudihaxtoni
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
nudijaponicum
Vavilov & Orlov, nom. inval.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
nudinipponicum
Vavilov & Orlov, nom. inval.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
nudipyramidatum
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
nuditonsum
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
nuditransiens
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
nutans
(Schubl.) Alef.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
nutans-pallidum
Trofim. & Lukyanova
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
palestinicum
Vavilov & Orlov, nom. inval.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
parallelum
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
pavonicum
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
persicum
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
platylepis
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
pseudoabyssinicum
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
pseudotrifurcatum
Langst.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
pyramidatum
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
rarum
Vavilov & Orlov, nom. inval.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
recens
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
rehmii
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
revelatum
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
rimpaui
Wittm.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
rosii
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
schimperianum
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
seringei
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
sessilifurcatum
Vavilov & Orlov, nom. inval.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
sikangense
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
sinicum
Vavilov & Orlov, nom. inval.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
sinojaponicum
Vavilov & Orlov, nom. inval.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
solitarium
Vavilov & Orlov, nom. inval.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
subaethiops
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
subatterbergii
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
subcompositum
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
subcornutum
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
subdecussatum
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
subduplialbum
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
subdupliatrum
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
suberectum
Orlov, nom. inval.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
subeurylepis
Mansf.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
subhaxtoni
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
subinerme
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
sublatiglumatum
Vavilov
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
sublaxum
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
subneogenes
Orlov, nom. inval.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
subnudipyramidatum
Orlov
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
subnudum
Orlov, nom. inval.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
subnutans
Orlov, nom. inval.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
subparallelum
Orlov, nom. inval.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
subpyramidatum
Orlov, nom. inval.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
subviolaceum
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
subzeocrithum
Orlov, nom. inval.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
syriacum
(R. E. Regel) Vavilov & Orlov, nom. inval.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
thomaei
Mansf.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
tibetanoides
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
tibetanum
Vavilov & Orlov, nom. inval.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
tonsum
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
tortile
(Robert) Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
transiens
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
triangulare
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
triceros
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
tridax
Korn.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
uljassutaicum
Vavilov & Orlov, nom. inval.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
urgaicum
Vavilov & Orlov, nom. inval.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
viridihaxtoni
Mansf.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
viridis
Vavilov & Orlov
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
zeocrithideficiens
Vavilov, nom. inval.
Hordeum vulgare
L. var.
zeocrithon
(L.) Alef.
No images
Reference(s)
Bothmer, R. von & N. Jacobsen.
1985. Origin, taxonomy, and related species. In D. C. Rasmusson, ed.,
Barley
. Agronomy 26:29.
Englert, J. M. et al.
USDA-NRCS Improved conservation plant materials released by NRCS and cooperators. 1999-
FNA Editorial Committee.
Flora of North America. 1993-
Hanelt, P., ed.
Mansfeld's encyclopedia of agricultural and horticultural crops. Volumes 1-6. 2001
Kingsbury, J. M.
Poisonous plants of the United States and Canada. 1964
Koyama, T.
Grasses of Japan and its neighboring regions. 1987
Löve, Á.
1984. Conspectus of the Triticeae. Feddes Repert. 95:435.
Markle, G. M. et al., eds.
Food and feed crops of the United States, ed. 2. 1998
Nasir, E. & S. I. Ali, eds.
Flora of [West] Pakistan. 1970-
Porcher, M. H. et al.
Searchable World Wide Web Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database (MMPND) (on-line resource).
Rechinger, K. H., ed.
Flora iranica. 1963-
Rehm, S. & G. Espig.
The cultivated plants of the tropics and subtropics. 1991
Rehm, S.
Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants. 1994
Tutin, T. G. et al., eds.
Flora europaea. 1964-1980
Tzvelev, N. N.
Zlaki SSSR. 1976
University of California Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education Program.
UC SAREP on-line cover crop database (on-line resource).
USDA Agricultural Research Service: Sustainable Biofuel and Co-products Research Unit.
2010. Economic competitiveness of renewable fuelds derived from grains and related biomass.
Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds.
Flora of China (English edition). 1994-
Common names
English
barley –
Reference(s)
French
orge –
Reference(s)
orge vulgaire –
Reference(s)
German
Gerste –
Reference(s)
Saatgerste –
Reference(s)
Italian
orzo –
Reference(s)
Japanese Rōmaji
ō-mugi –
Reference(s)
Portuguese
cevada –
Reference(s)
Spanish
cebada –
Reference(s)
Transcribed Chinese
da mai –
Reference(s)
Transliterated Greek
krithe –
Reference(s)
Distribution
Exportable format
order_code
Status
Continent
Subcontinent
Country
State
Note
2
Cultivated
Africa
East Tropical Africa
Kenya
2
Cultivated
Africa
East Tropical Africa
Tanzania
2
Cultivated
Africa
Macaronesia
Portugal
Azores
2
Cultivated
Africa
Macaronesia
Portugal
Madeira Islands
2
Cultivated
Africa
Macaronesia
Spain
Canary Islands
2
Cultivated
Africa
Northeast Tropical Africa
Eritrea
2
Cultivated
Africa
Northern Africa
Algeria
2
Cultivated
Africa
Northern Africa
Egypt
2
Cultivated
Africa
Northern Africa
Libya
2
Cultivated
Africa
Northern Africa
Morocco
2
Cultivated
Africa
Northern Africa
Tunisia
2
Cultivated
Africa
South Tropical Africa
Zambia
2
Cultivated
Africa
South Tropical Africa
Zimbabwe
2
Cultivated
Africa
Southern Africa
South Africa
2
Cultivated
Africa
West Tropical Africa
Mauritania
2
Cultivated
Africa
West Tropical Africa
Nigeria
2
Cultivated
Africa
West-Central Tropical Africa
Zaire
2
Cultivated
Africa
Western Indian Ocean
Madagascar
2
Cultivated
Asia-Temperate
Arabian Peninsula
Bahrain
2
Cultivated
Asia-Temperate
Arabian Peninsula
Saudi Arabia
2
Cultivated
Asia-Temperate
Arabian Peninsula
Yemen
2
Cultivated
Asia-Temperate
Caucasus
Armenia
2
Cultivated
Asia-Temperate
Caucasus
Azerbaijan
2
Cultivated
Asia-Temperate
Caucasus
Georgia
2
Cultivated
Asia-Temperate
Caucasus
Russian Federation-Ciscaucasia
Ciscaucasia
2
Cultivated
Asia-Temperate
China
China
2
Cultivated
Asia-Temperate
Eastern Asia
Japan
2
Cultivated
Asia-Temperate
Middle Asia
Kazakhstan
2
Cultivated
Asia-Temperate
Middle Asia
Kyrgyzstan
2
Cultivated
Asia-Temperate
Middle Asia
Tajikistan
2
Cultivated
Asia-Temperate
Middle Asia
Turkmenistan
2
Cultivated
Asia-Temperate
Middle Asia
Uzbekistan
2
Cultivated
Asia-Temperate
Mongolia
Mongolia
2
Cultivated
Asia-Temperate
Russian Far East
Russian Federation-Far East
Far East
2
Cultivated
Asia-Temperate
Siberia
Russian Federation-Eastern Siberia
Eastern Siberia
2
Cultivated
Asia-Temperate
Siberia
Russian Federation-Western Siberia
Western Siberia
2
Cultivated
Asia-Temperate
Western Asia
Afghanistan
2
Cultivated
Asia-Temperate
Western Asia
Cyprus
2
Cultivated
Asia-Temperate
Western Asia
Iran
2
Cultivated
Asia-Temperate
Western Asia
Iraq
2
Cultivated
Asia-Temperate
Western Asia
Israel
2
Cultivated
Asia-Temperate
Western Asia
Jordan
2
Cultivated
Asia-Temperate
Western Asia
Lebanon
2
Cultivated
Asia-Temperate
Western Asia
Syria
2
Cultivated
Asia-Temperate
Western Asia
Turkey
2
Cultivated
Asia-Tropical
Indian Subcontinent
Bhutan
2
Cultivated
Asia-Tropical
Indian Subcontinent
India
2
Cultivated
Asia-Tropical
Indian Subcontinent
Nepal
2
Cultivated
Asia-Tropical
Indian Subcontinent
Pakistan
2
Cultivated
Asia-Tropical
Indo-China
Myanmar
2
Cultivated
Asia-Tropical
Indo-China
Thailand
2
Cultivated
Asia-Tropical
Malesia
Indonesia
Java
2
Cultivated
Europe
East Europe
Moldova
2
Cultivated
Europe
East Europe
Russian Federation-European part
European part
2
Cultivated
Europe
East Europe
Ukraine
2
Cultivated
Europe
Middle Europe
Austria
2
Cultivated
Europe
Middle Europe
Czech Republic
2
Cultivated
Europe
Middle Europe
Germany
2
Cultivated
Europe
Middle Europe
Hungary
2
Cultivated
Europe
Middle Europe
Netherlands
2
Cultivated
Europe
Middle Europe
Poland
2
Cultivated
Europe
Middle Europe
Slovakia
2
Cultivated
Europe
Middle Europe
Switzerland
2
Cultivated
Europe
Northern Europe
Denmark
2
Cultivated
Europe
Northern Europe
Finland
2
Cultivated
Europe
Northern Europe
Iceland
2
Cultivated
Europe
Northern Europe
Norway
2
Cultivated
Europe
Northern Europe
Sweden
2
Cultivated
Europe
Northern Europe
United Kingdom
2
Cultivated
Europe
Southeastern Europe
Albania
2
Cultivated
Europe
Southeastern Europe
Croatia
2
Cultivated
Europe
Southeastern Europe
Italy
2
Cultivated
Europe
Southeastern Europe
Romania
2
Cultivated
Europe
Southeastern Europe
Serbia
2
Cultivated
Europe
Southeastern Europe
Slovenia
2
Cultivated
Europe
Southwestern Europe
France
2
Cultivated
Europe
Southwestern Europe
Portugal
2
Cultivated
Europe
Southwestern Europe
Spain
2
Cultivated
Northern America
Canada
2
Cultivated
Northern America
Mexico
2
Cultivated
Northern America
United States
2
Cultivated
Southern America
Brazil
Brazil
2
Cultivated
Southern America
Mesoamerica
El Salvador
2
Cultivated
Southern America
Mesoamerica
Guatemala
2
Cultivated
Southern America
Mesoamerica
Honduras
2
Cultivated
Southern America
Southern South America
Argentina
2
Cultivated
Southern America
Southern South America
Chile
2
Cultivated
Southern America
Southern South America
Uruguay
2
Cultivated
Southern America
Western South America
Bolivia
2
Cultivated
Southern America
Western South America
Ecuador
2
Cultivated
Southern America
Western South America
Peru
Cultivated
Africa
EAST TROPICAL AFRICA:
Kenya
,
Tanzania
MACARONESIA:
Spain
[Canary Islands],
Portugal
[Azores, Madeira Islands]
NORTHEAST TROPICAL AFRICA:
Eritrea
NORTHERN AFRICA:
Algeria
,
Egypt
,
Libya
,
Morocco
,
Tunisia
SOUTH TROPICAL AFRICA:
Zambia
,
Zimbabwe
SOUTHERN AFRICA:
South Africa
WEST TROPICAL AFRICA:
Mauritania
,
Nigeria
WEST-CENTRAL TROPICAL AFRICA:
Zaire
WESTERN INDIAN OCEAN:
Madagascar
Asia-Temperate
ARABIAN PENINSULA:
Bahrain
,
Saudi Arabia
,
Yemen
CAUCASUS:
Russian Federation-Ciscaucasia
[Ciscaucasia],
Armenia
,
Azerbaijan
,
Georgia
CHINA:
China
EASTERN ASIA:
Japan
MIDDLE ASIA:
Kazakhstan
,
Kyrgyzstan
,
Tajikistan
,
Turkmenistan
,
Uzbekistan
MONGOLIA:
Mongolia
RUSSIAN FAR EAST:
Russian Federation-Far East
[Far East]
SIBERIA:
Russian Federation-Western Siberia
[Western Siberia],
Russian Federation-Eastern Siberia
[Eastern Siberia]
WESTERN ASIA:
Afghanistan
,
Cyprus
,
Iran
,
Iraq
,
Israel
,
Jordan
,
Lebanon
,
Syria
,
Turkey
Asia-Tropical
INDIAN SUBCONTINENT:
Bhutan
,
India
,
Nepal
,
Pakistan
INDO-CHINA:
Myanmar
,
Thailand
MALESIA:
Indonesia
[Java]
Europe
EAST EUROPE:
Russian Federation-European part
[European part],
Moldova
,
Ukraine
MIDDLE EUROPE:
Austria
,
Switzerland
,
Czech Republic
,
Germany
,
Hungary
,
Netherlands
,
Poland
,
Slovakia
NORTHERN EUROPE:
Denmark
,
Finland
,
United Kingdom
,
Iceland
,
Norway
,
Sweden
SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE:
Albania
,
Croatia
,
Italy
,
Romania
,
Serbia
,
Slovenia
SOUTHWESTERN EUROPE:
Spain
,
France
,
Portugal
Northern America
REGION:
Canada
,
Mexico
,
United States
Southern America
BRAZIL:
Brazil
MESOAMERICA:
Guatemala
,
Honduras
,
El Salvador
SOUTHERN SOUTH AMERICA:
Argentina
,
Chile
,
Uruguay
WESTERN SOUTH AMERICA:
Bolivia
,
Ecuador
,
Peru
Economic Uses
Usage
Type
Note
Reference
Animal food
fodder
Rehm, S. & G. Espig.
The cultivated plants of the tropics and subtropics. 1991
Environmental
soil improver
University of California Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education Program.
UC SAREP on-line cover crop database (on-line resource).
Fuels
potential as petroleum substitute/alcohol
USDA Agricultural Research Service: Sustainable Biofuel and Co-products Research Unit.
2010. Economic competitiveness of renewable fuelds derived from grains and related biomass.
Human food
beverage base
Bothmer, R. von & N. Jacobsen.
1985. Origin, taxonomy, and related species. In D. C. Rasmusson, ed.,
Barley
. Agronomy 26:29.
Human food
cereal
Bothmer, R. von & N. Jacobsen.
1985. Origin, taxonomy, and related species. In D. C. Rasmusson, ed.,
Barley
. Agronomy 26:29.
Vertebrate poisons
mammals
Kingsbury, J. M.
Poisonous plants of the United States and Canada. 1964
Cite as: USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Plant Germplasm System.
2024
. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN Taxonomy). National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
URL:
https://ausgenebank.agriculture.vic.gov.au/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomydetail?id=19333
. Accessed
8 December 2024
.
Name
References
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