Summary
Place of publication:
Prim. fl. holsat. 56. 1780
Comment:
[used here in an aggregate sense for all of T. sect. Taraxacum (formerly sect. Ruderalia)]
Verified:
01/30/1998
ARS Systematic Botanists.
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
Reference(s)
- Acevedo-Rodríguez, P. & M. T. Strong. Catalogue of seed plants of the West Indies. Smithsonian Contr. Bot. 98. 2012
- Allan, H. H. B. et al. Flora of New Zealand. 1961-
- Bisset, N. G., ed. Herbal drugs and phytopharmaceuticals. A handbook for practice on a scientific basis. 1994
- Blumenthal, M., ed. The complete German Commission E monographs: therapeutic guide to herbal medicines. 1998
- Bosser, J. M. et al., eds. Flores des Mascareignes. 1976-
- Brako, L. & J. L. Zarucchi. Catalogue of the flowering plants and gymnosperms of Peru. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 45. 1993
- Burkart, A. E., ed. Flora ilustrada de Entre Rios. 1969-
- CIBA-GEIGY, Basel, Switzerland. The CIBA-GEIGY Weed Tables. 1974
- Cronquist, A. et al. Intermountain flora. 1972-
- Duke, J. A. et al. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs. 2002
- Erhardt, W. et al. Der große Zander: Enzyklopädie der Pflanzennamen. 2008
- Euro+Med Editorial Committee. Euro+Med Plantbase: the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity (on-line resource).
- Exell, A. W. et al., eds. Flora zambesiaca. 1960-
- Fernald, M. L. 1948. The name Taraxacum officinale. Rhodora 50:216.
- FNA Editorial Committee. Flora of North America. 1993-
- Foster, S. & C. Hobbs. A field guide to Western medicinal plants and herbs. 2002
- Foster, S. & J. A. Duke. A field guide to medicinal plants: Eastern/Central North America, 2nd ed. 2000
- Garibaldi, A. Medicinal flora of the Alaska natives: a compilation of knowledge from literary sources of Aleut, Alutiiq, Athabascan, Eyak, Haida, Inupiat, Tlingit, Tsimshian traditional healing methods using plants. 1999
- Germishuizen, G. & N. L. Meyer, eds. Plants of southern Africa: an annotated checklist. Strelitzia 14. 2003
- Grellin, J. K. & J. Philpott. A reference guide to medicinal plants. 1990
- Greuter, W. et al., eds. International code of botanical nomenclature (Saint Louis Code). 2000 361.
- Grubov, V. I. Key to the vascular plants of Mongolia. 2001
- Hara, H. et al. An enumeration of the flowering plants of Nepal. 1978-1982
- Hedberg, I. & S. Edwards. Flora of Ethiopia. 1989- (and Eritrea. 2000)
- Hokche, O. et al. Nuevo catálogo de la flora vascular de Venezola. 2008
- Holm, L. et al. A geographical atlas of world weeds. 1979
- Holm, L. et al. World weeds: natural histories and distribution. 1997
- Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry. Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER): plant threats to Pacific ecosystems (on-line resource).
- Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. Flora del Conosur. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares. 2008
- Jørgensen, P. M. & S. León-Yánez, eds. Catalogue of the vascular plants of Ecuador. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 75. 1999
- Jardin botanique national de Belgique. Flore du Congo, du Rwanda et du Burundi (Flore d'Afrique centrale). 1967-
- Keys, J. D. Chinese herbs: their botany, chemistry, and pharmacodynamics. 1976
- Kirschner, J. & J. Štěpánek. 2011. Typification of Leontodon taraxacum L. (Taraxacum officinale F. H. Wigg.) and the generic name Taraxacum: a review and a new typification proposal. Taxon 60:216-220.
- Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. Flora SSSR. 1934-1964
- Krasnoborov, I. M., ed. Flora of Siberia (English translation). 2000-
- Lazarides, M. & B. Hince. CSIRO Handbook of Economic Plants of Australia. 1993
- Lee, Y. N. Flora of Korea. 1997
- Leung, A. Y. & S. Foster. Encyclopedia of common natural ingredients used in food, drugs, and cosmetics, ed. 2. 1996
- Markle, G. M. et al., eds. Food and feed crops of the United States, ed. 2. 1998
- McGregor, R. L. et al. (The Great Plains Flora Association). Flora of the Great Plains. 1986
- McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2. 2000
- McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2. 2000
- Merrill, E. D. An enumeration of Philippine flowering plants. 1922-1926
- Moerman, D. Native American ethnobotany, ed. 5. 1998
- Moore, M. Medicinal plants of the mountain west, ed. 2. 2003
- Ohio Flora Committee (E. L. Braun, T. S. Cooperrider, T. R. Fisher, J. J. Furlow). The vascular flora of Ohio. 1967-
- Ortega-Sada, J. L. Flora de interes apicola y polinizacion de cultivos. 1987
- Padua, L. S. de et al., eds. 1999. Medicinal and poisonous plants 1. Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA). 1989- 12(1):475.
- Pearson, R. C. 1988. Compendium of grape diseases. The disease compendium series. 1973- 51.
- Peirce, A. The American Pharmaceutical Association practical guide to natural medicines. 1999
- Porcher, M. H. et al. Searchable World Wide Web Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database (MMPND) (on-line resource).
- Radford, A. E. et al., eds. Vascular flora of the southeastern United States. 1980-
- Rehm, S. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants. 1994
- Rostliny, L. Katalog Léçivých Rostlin & Malý Herbá&r Léçivých Rostlin. 1984-1985
- Rzedowski, J. & G. Rzedowski, eds. Flora del Bajio y de regiones adyacentes. 1991-
- Sharma, B. D. et al., eds. Flora of India. 1993-
- Shinners, L. H. 1949. Nomenclature of species of dandelion and goatsbeard (Taraxacum and Tragopogon) introduced into Texas. Field & Lab. 17:13-15.
- Smith, A. C. Flora vitiensis nova. 1979-1991
- Stace, C. New flora of the British Isles. 1995
- Stafleu, F. & R. S. Cowan. 1988. Taxonomic literature: a selective guide to botanical publications and collections with dates, commentaries and types, ed. 2, vol. 1-7, suppl. 1-6. 1976-2000 7:129.
- Standley, P. C. & J. A. Steyermark. Flora of Guatemala. 1946-1976
- Stewart-Wade, S. M. et al. 2002. Biology of Canadian weeds. 117. Taraxacum officinale G. H. Weber ex Wiggers. Canad. J. Pl. Sci. 82:825-853.
- Takhtajan, A. L., ed. Flora Armenii. 1954-1987
- The Missouri Botanical Garden with others. A Catalogue of the vascular plants of Madagascar (on-line resource).
- Turrill, W. B. et al., eds. Flora of tropical East Africa. 1952-
- Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. Flora europaea. 1964-1980
- Van Wyk, B.-E. & M. Wink. Medicinal plants of the world. 2004
- Voss, E. Michigan flora. 1972-
- Wagner, W. L. et al. Manual of the flowering plants of Hawai'i. 1990
- Wiersema, J. H. & B. León. World economic plants: a standard reference (on-line edition) [medicinal plants only].
- Wood, J. R. I. A handbook of the flora of Yemen. 1997
- Woodson, R. E. & R. W. Schery, eds. Flora of Panama. 1943-1980
- Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. Flora of China (English edition). 1994-
Common names
English
common dandelion – dandelion – lion's-tooth – French
dent de lion – pissenlit vulgaire – German
Löwenzahn – Wiesen-Löwenzahn – Portuguese
dente-de-leão – Spanish
achicoria amarga – amargón – diente de león – Transcribed Korean
seoyangmindeulle – Transliterated Russian
oduvančik lekarstvennyj –
Distribution
order_code | Status | Continent | Subcontinent | Country | State | Note |
1 | Native | Africa | Macaronesia | Portugal | Azores | |
1 | Native | Africa | Macaronesia | Portugal | Madeira Islands | |
1 | Native | Africa | Macaronesia | Spain | Canary Islands | |
1 | Native | Africa | Northern Africa | Morocco | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Caucasus | Armenia | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Caucasus | Azerbaijan | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Caucasus | Georgia | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Caucasus | Russian Federation-Ciscaucasia | Ciscaucasia | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Middle Asia | Kazakhstan | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Middle Asia | Kyrgyzstan | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Middle Asia | Tajikistan | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Middle Asia | Turkmenistan | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Mongolia | Mongolia | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Russian Far East | Russian Federation-Far East | Far East | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Siberia | Russian Federation-Eastern Siberia | Eastern Siberia | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Siberia | Russian Federation-Western Siberia | Western Siberia | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Western Asia | Lebanon | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Western Asia | Syria | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Temperate | Western Asia | Turkey | | |
1 | Native | Asia-Tropical | Indian Subcontinent | India | | |
1 | Native | Europe | East Europe | Belarus | | |
1 | Native | Europe | East Europe | Estonia | | |
1 | Native | Europe | East Europe | Latvia | | |
1 | Native | Europe | East Europe | Lithuania | | |
1 | Native | Europe | East Europe | Moldova | | |
1 | Native | Europe | East Europe | Russian Federation-European part | European part | |
1 | Native | Europe | East Europe | Ukraine | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Middle Europe | Austria | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Middle Europe | Belgium | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Middle Europe | Czech Republic | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Middle Europe | Germany | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Middle Europe | Hungary | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Middle Europe | Netherlands | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Middle Europe | Poland | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Middle Europe | Slovakia | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Middle Europe | Switzerland | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Northern Europe | Denmark | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Northern Europe | Faroe Islands | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Northern Europe | Finland | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Northern Europe | Iceland | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Northern Europe | Ireland | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Northern Europe | Norway | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Northern Europe | Sweden | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Northern Europe | United Kingdom | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Albania | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Bosnia and Herzegovina | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Bulgaria | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Croatia | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Greece | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Italy | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Montenegro | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | North Macedonia | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Romania | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Serbia | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southeastern Europe | Slovenia | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southwestern Europe | France | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southwestern Europe | Portugal | | |
1 | Native | Europe | Southwestern Europe | Spain | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | East Tropical Africa | Kenya | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | East Tropical Africa | Tanzania | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | Northeast Tropical Africa | Eritrea | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | Northeast Tropical Africa | Ethiopia | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | South Tropical Africa | Mozambique | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | South Tropical Africa | Zambia | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | South Tropical Africa | Zimbabwe | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | Southern Africa | Eswatini | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | Southern Africa | Lesotho | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | Southern Africa | Namibia | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | Southern Africa | South Africa | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | West Tropical Africa | Ghana | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | West-Central Tropical Africa | Burundi | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | West-Central Tropical Africa | Cameroon | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | West-Central Tropical Africa | Rwanda | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | West-Central Tropical Africa | Zaire | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | Western Indian Ocean | Madagascar | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | Western Indian Ocean | Mauritius | | |
4 | Naturalized | Africa | Western Indian Ocean | Reunion | | |
4 | Naturalized | Asia-Temperate | Arabian Peninsula | Yemen | | |
4 | Naturalized | Asia-Temperate | China | China | | |
4 | Naturalized | Asia-Temperate | Eastern Asia | Japan | | |
4 | Naturalized | Asia-Temperate | Eastern Asia | Korea | | |
4 | Naturalized | Asia-Temperate | Western Asia | Cyprus | | |
4 | Naturalized | Asia-Tropical | Indian Subcontinent | Nepal | | |
4 | Naturalized | Asia-Tropical | Indo-China | Vietnam | | |
4 | Naturalized | Asia-Tropical | Malesia | Indonesia | | |
4 | Naturalized | Asia-Tropical | Malesia | Philippines | | |
4 | Naturalized | Australasia | Australia | Australia | | |
4 | Naturalized | Australasia | New Zealand | New Zealand | | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Eastern Canada | Canada | New Brunswick | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Eastern Canada | Canada | Newfoundland | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Eastern Canada | Canada | Nova Scotia | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Eastern Canada | Canada | Ontario | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Eastern Canada | Canada | Prince Edward Island | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Eastern Canada | Canada | Quebec | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Eastern Canada | St. Pierre and Miquelon | | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | North-Central U.S.A. | United States | Kansas | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | North-Central U.S.A. | United States | Minnesota | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | North-Central U.S.A. | United States | Missouri | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | North-Central U.S.A. | United States | North Dakota | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | North-Central U.S.A. | United States | Oklahoma | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | North-Central U.S.A. | United States | South Dakota | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | North-Central U.S.A. | United States | Wisconsin | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | Connecticut | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | Maine | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | Massachusetts | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | Michigan | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | New Hampshire | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | New Jersey | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | New York | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | Ohio | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | Pennsylvania | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | Rhode Island | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | Vermont | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northeastern U.S.A. | United States | West Virginia | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northern Mexico | Mexico | Baja Norte | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northern Mexico | Mexico | Chihuahua | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northern Mexico | Mexico | Coahuila | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northern Mexico | Mexico | Durango | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northern Mexico | Mexico | Nuevo Leon | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northern Mexico | Mexico | San Luis Potosi | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northern Mexico | Mexico | Tamaulipas | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northwestern U.S.A. | United States | Colorado | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northwestern U.S.A. | United States | Montana | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northwestern U.S.A. | United States | Oregon | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northwestern U.S.A. | United States | Washington | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Northwestern U.S.A. | United States | Wyoming | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | South-Central U.S.A. | United States | New Mexico | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | South-Central U.S.A. | United States | Texas | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Alabama | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Arkansas | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Delaware | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | District of Columbia | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Florida | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Georgia | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Kentucky | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Louisiana | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Maryland | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Mississippi | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | North Carolina | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | South Carolina | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Tennessee | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southeastern U.S.A. | United States | Virginia | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Aguascalientes | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Chiapas | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Federal District | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Guanajuato | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Guerrero | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Hidalgo | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Jalisco | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Mexico | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Michoacan | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Morelos | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Oaxaca | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Puebla | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Queretaro | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Tlaxcala | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southern Mexico | Mexico | Veracruz | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southwestern U.S.A. | United States | Arizona | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southwestern U.S.A. | United States | California | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Southwestern U.S.A. | United States | Utah | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Subarctic America | Canada | Northwest Territory | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Subarctic America | Greenland | | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Subarctic America | United States | Alaska | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Western Canada | Canada | Alberta | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Western Canada | Canada | British Columbia | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Western Canada | Canada | Manitoba | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Western Canada | Canada | Nunavut | |
4 | Naturalized | Northern America | Western Canada | Canada | Saskatchewan | |
4 | Naturalized | Pacific | North-Central Pacific | United States | Hawaii | |
4 | Naturalized | Pacific | South-Central Pacific | French Polynesia | | |
4 | Naturalized | Pacific | Southwestern Pacific | Fiji | | |
4 | Naturalized | Pacific | Southwestern Pacific | New Caledonia | | |
4 | Naturalized | Pacific | Southwestern Pacific | Niue | | |
4 | Naturalized | Pacific | Southwestern Pacific | Tonga | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Brazil | Brazil | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Caribbean | Bahamas | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Caribbean | Cuba | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Caribbean | Hispaniola | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Caribbean | Jamaica | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Caribbean | Puerto Rico | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Mesoamerica | Guatemala | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Mesoamerica | Honduras | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Mesoamerica | Panama | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Northern South America | Venezuela | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Southern South America | Argentina | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Southern South America | Chile | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Southern South America | Paraguay | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Southern South America | Uruguay | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Western South America | Ecuador | | |
4 | Naturalized | Southern America | Western South America | Peru | | |
6 | Other | | | | | |
Native
Africa
-
MACARONESIA:
Spain [Canary Islands], Portugal [Azores, Madeira Islands]
-
NORTHERN AFRICA:
Morocco
Asia-Temperate
-
CAUCASUS:
Russian Federation-Ciscaucasia [Ciscaucasia], Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia
-
MIDDLE ASIA:
Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan
-
MONGOLIA:
Mongolia
-
RUSSIAN FAR EAST:
Russian Federation-Far East [Far East]
-
SIBERIA:
Russian Federation-Western Siberia [Western Siberia], Russian Federation-Eastern Siberia [Eastern Siberia]
-
WESTERN ASIA:
Lebanon, Syria, Turkey
Asia-Tropical
-
INDIAN SUBCONTINENT:
India
Europe
-
EAST EUROPE:
Russian Federation-European part [European part], Belarus, Estonia, Lithuania, Latvia, Moldova, Ukraine
-
MIDDLE EUROPE:
Austria, Belgium, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, Netherlands, Poland, Slovakia
-
NORTHERN EUROPE:
Denmark, Finland, Faroe Islands, United Kingdom, Ireland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden
-
SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE:
Albania, Bulgaria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Greece, Croatia, Italy, North Macedonia, Montenegro, Romania, Serbia, Slovenia
-
SOUTHWESTERN EUROPE:
Spain, France, Portugal
Naturalized
Africa
-
EAST TROPICAL AFRICA:
Kenya, Tanzania
-
NORTHEAST TROPICAL AFRICA:
Eritrea, Ethiopia
-
SOUTH TROPICAL AFRICA:
Mozambique, Zambia, Zimbabwe
-
SOUTHERN AFRICA:
Lesotho, Namibia, Eswatini, South Africa
-
WEST TROPICAL AFRICA:
Ghana
-
WEST-CENTRAL TROPICAL AFRICA:
Burundi, Cameroon, Rwanda, Zaire
-
WESTERN INDIAN OCEAN:
Madagascar, Mauritius, Reunion
Asia-Temperate
-
ARABIAN PENINSULA:
Yemen
-
CHINA:
China
-
EASTERN ASIA:
Korea, Japan
-
WESTERN ASIA:
Cyprus
Asia-Tropical
-
INDIAN SUBCONTINENT:
Nepal
-
INDO-CHINA:
Vietnam
-
MALESIA:
Indonesia, Philippines
Australasia
-
AUSTRALIA:
Australia
-
NEW ZEALAND:
New Zealand
Northern America
-
EASTERN CANADA:
Canada [New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec], St. Pierre and Miquelon
-
NORTH-CENTRAL U.S.A.:
United States [Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, North Dakota, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Wisconsin]
-
NORTHEASTERN U.S.A.:
United States [Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, West Virginia]
-
NORTHERN MEXICO:
Mexico [Baja Norte, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo Leon, San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas]
-
NORTHWESTERN U.S.A.:
United States [Colorado, Montana, Oregon, Washington, Wyoming]
-
SOUTH-CENTRAL U.S.A.:
United States [New Mexico, Texas]
-
SOUTHEASTERN U.S.A.:
United States [Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, District of Columbia]
-
SOUTHERN MEXICO:
Mexico [Aguascalientes, Chiapas, Federal District, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico, Michoacan, Morelos, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, Tlaxcala, Veracruz]
-
SOUTHWESTERN U.S.A.:
United States [Arizona, California, Utah]
-
SUBARCTIC AMERICA:
Canada [Northwest Territory], Greenland, United States [Alaska]
-
WESTERN CANADA:
Canada [Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Nunavut, Saskatchewan]
Pacific
-
NORTH-CENTRAL PACIFIC:
United States [Hawaii]
-
SOUTH-CENTRAL PACIFIC:
French Polynesia
-
SOUTHWESTERN PACIFIC:
Fiji, New Caledonia, Niue, Tonga
Southern America
-
BRAZIL:
Brazil
-
CARIBBEAN:
Hispaniola, Bahamas, Cuba, Jamaica, Puerto Rico
-
MESOAMERICA:
Guatemala, Honduras, Panama
-
NORTHERN SOUTH AMERICA:
Venezuela
-
SOUTHERN SOUTH AMERICA:
Argentina, Chile, Paraguay, Uruguay
-
WESTERN SOUTH AMERICA:
Ecuador, Peru
Other
()
Economic Uses
Usage | Type | Note | Reference |
Bee plants | honey production | | Ortega-Sada, J. L. Flora de interes apicola y polinizacion de cultivos. 1987 |
Food additives | flavoring | | Leung, A. Y. & S. Foster. Encyclopedia of common natural ingredients used in food, drugs, and cosmetics, ed. 2. 1996 |
Harmful organism host | crop diseases | | Holm, L. et al. World weeds: natural histories and distribution. 1997 |
Harmful organism host | crop pests | | Holm, L. et al. World weeds: natural histories and distribution. 1997 |
Human food | beverage base | | Padua, L. S. de et al., eds. 1999. Medicinal and poisonous plants 1. Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA). 1989- 12(1):475. |
Human food | vegetable | | Padua, L. S. de et al., eds. 1999. Medicinal and poisonous plants 1. Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA). 1989- 12(1):475. |
Medicines | folklore | | McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2. 2000 |
Weed | potential seed contaminant | | CIBA-GEIGY, Basel, Switzerland. The CIBA-GEIGY Weed Tables. 1974 |
Cite as: USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Plant Germplasm System.
2024. Germplasm Resources Information Network
(GRIN Taxonomy). National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
URL: https://ausgenebank.agriculture.vic.gov.au/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomydetail?id=80051.
Accessed 20 September 2024.