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Taxon:  Solanum viarum Dunal



Summary
Genus:
Solanum
Subgenus:
Leptostemonum
Section:
Acanthophora
Family:
Solanaceae
Subfamily:
Solanoideae
Tribe:
Solaneae
Nomen number:
317433
Place of publication:
A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 13(1):240. 1852
Verified:
11/29/2010 ARS Systematic Botanists.
Accessions:
0 (0  active, 0  available) in National Plant Germplasm System. 
Other conspecific taxa
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
Heterotypic Synonym(s)
Solanum khasianum C. B. Clarke var. chatterjeeanum Sengupta
No images


Reference(s)
  1. Babu, C. R. & F. N. Hepper. 1979. Taxonomy and nomenclature of Solanum khasianum and some of its relatives. Kew Bull. 34:409.
  2. Babu, C. R. 1971. The identity of Solanum khasianum Cl. var. chatterjeeanum Sen Gupta (Solanaceae). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 67:610.
  3. Bryson, C. T. & J. D. Byrd, Jr. 1994. Solanum viarum (Solanaceae), new to Mississippi. Sida 16:382.
  4. Bryson, C. T. & J. D. Byrd, Jr. 2007. Biology, reproductive potential, and winter survival of tropical soda apple (Solanum viarum). Weed Technol. 21:791-795.
  5. Coile, N. 1993. Tropical soda apple, Solanum viarum Dunal: the plant from hell. Bot. Circ. Div. Pl. Industr. Florida 27:1-4.
  6. Collonnier, C. et al. 2001. Applications of biotechnology in eggplant. Pl. Cell Tissue Organ Cult. 65:91-107.
  7. Conant, P. et al. 1997. Appendix. Selected plant species interfering with resource management goals in North American natural areas. Assessment and management of plant invasions. 1997 255-267.
  8. Deb, D. B. 1979. Solanaceae in India. The biology and taxonomy of the Solanacae. 1979 105.
  9. Freire de Varvalho, L. d'A. 1997. Diversidade taxônomica das Solanáceas no estado do Rio de Janeiro (Brasil) - II - Lycianthes e Solanum. Albertoa 4:300.
  10. Hosking, J. R. 2010. pers. comm. via e-mail on 31 Aug
  11. Kammathy. R. V. et al. 1974. Pharmacognostic studies on the genus Solanun Linn. I. Bull. Bot. Surv. India 13:224.
  12. Levin, R. A. et al. 2006. Phylogenetic relationships among the "spiny solanums" Solanum subgenus Leptostemonum, Solanaceae). Amer. J. Bot. 93:157-169.
  13. Miller, L. M. F. & M. E. Davies. 1979. The characteristics of solasodine accumulation in C. B. Clarke var. Chatterjeeanum Sengupta and S. laciniatum Ait. grown under field conditions in Birmingham. The biology and taxonomy of the Solanacae. 1979 231.
  14. Mullahey, J. J. 1996. Tropical soda apple (Solanum viarum Dunal), a biological pollutant threatening Florida. Castanea 61:255-260.
  15. Nee, M. 1991. Synopsis of Solanum section Acanthophora: a group of interest for glycoalkaloids. Solanaceae III: taxonomy, chemistry, evolution. 1991 264.
  16. Nee, M. 1999. Synopsis of Solanum in the New World. Solanaceae IV: advances in biology and utilization. 1999 328.
  17. PBI Solanum Project. Solanaceae source: a global taxonomic resource for the nightshade family (on-line resource).
  18. Porcher, M. H. et al. Searchable World Wide Web Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database (MMPND) (on-line resource).
  19. Reed, M. D. et al. 2004. Solanum viarum (Solanaceae) - tropical soda-apple - confirmed from Texas. Sida 21:1171-1174.
  20. Reitz, R., ed. Flora ilustrada catarinense. 1965-
  21. USDA National Agricultural Library. National Invasive Species Information Center (on-line resource).
  22. Weber, E. Invasive plant species of the world: a reference guide to environmental weeds. 2003
  23. Welman, W. G. 2003. The genus Solanum (Solanaceae) in southern Africa: subgenus Leptostemonum, the introduced sections Acanthophora and Torva. Bothalia 33:10-11.
  24. Whalen, M. D. 1984. Conspectus of species groups in Solanum subgenus Leptostemonum. Gentes Herbarum 12:253.
  25. Wiersema, J. H. & B. León. World economic plants: a standard reference (on-line edition) [medicinal plants only].
  26. Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. Flora of China (English edition). 1994-
  27. Wunderlin, R. P. et al. 1993. Solanum viarum and S. tampicense (Solanaceae): two weedy species new to Florida and the United States. Sida 15:605-611.
  28. Zuloaga, F. O. & O. Morrone, eds. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares de la República Argentina. I. Pteridophyta, Gymnospermae y Angiospermae (Monocotyledonae), II. Dicotyledonae. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 60, 74. 1996, 1999
Common names
English
tropical soda-apple –
Distribution
order_codeStatusContinentSubcontinentCountryStateNote
1NativeSouthern AmericaBrazilBrazilAcre 
1NativeSouthern AmericaBrazilBrazilAmazonas 
1NativeSouthern AmericaBrazilBrazilEspirito Santo 
1NativeSouthern AmericaBrazilBrazilFederal District 
1NativeSouthern AmericaBrazilBrazilGoias 
1NativeSouthern AmericaBrazilBrazilMinas Gerais 
1NativeSouthern AmericaBrazilBrazilPara 
1NativeSouthern AmericaBrazilBrazilParana 
1NativeSouthern AmericaBrazilBrazilRio de Janeiro 
1NativeSouthern AmericaBrazilBrazilRio Grande do Sul 
1NativeSouthern AmericaBrazilBrazilRondonia 
1NativeSouthern AmericaBrazilBrazilSanta Catarina 
1NativeSouthern AmericaBrazilBrazilSao Paulo 
1NativeSouthern AmericaSouthern South AmericaArgentinaChaco 
1NativeSouthern AmericaSouthern South AmericaArgentinaCorrientes 
1NativeSouthern AmericaSouthern South AmericaArgentinaEntre Rios 
1NativeSouthern AmericaSouthern South AmericaArgentinaFormosa 
1NativeSouthern AmericaSouthern South AmericaArgentinaMisiones 
1NativeSouthern AmericaSouthern South AmericaArgentinaSanta Fe 
1NativeSouthern AmericaSouthern South AmericaParaguay  
1NativeSouthern AmericaSouthern South AmericaUruguay  
4NaturalizedAfrica Africa  
4NaturalizedAsia-TemperateChinaChinaXizang 
4NaturalizedAsia-TemperateChinaChinaYunnan 
4NaturalizedAsia-TropicalIndian SubcontinentIndia  
4NaturalizedAsia-TropicalIndian SubcontinentNepal  
4NaturalizedAsia-TropicalIndo-ChinaMyanmar  
4NaturalizedAustralasiaAustraliaAustraliaNew South Wales 
4NaturalizedNorthern America Mexico  
4NaturalizedNorthern America United States  
4NaturalizedSouthern AmericaCaribbeanWest Indies  
4NaturalizedSouthern AmericaMesoamericaHonduras  
Native
Southern America
  • BRAZIL: Brazil [Acre, Amazonas, Espirito Santo, Federal District, Goias, Minas Gerais, Para, Parana, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Sul, Rondonia, Santa Catarina, Sao Paulo]
  • SOUTHERN SOUTH AMERICA: Argentina [Chaco, Corrientes, Entre Rios, Formosa, Misiones, Santa Fe], Paraguay, Uruguay
Naturalized
Africa
  • REGION: Africa
Asia-Temperate
  • CHINA: China [Xizang, Yunnan]
Asia-Tropical
  • INDIAN SUBCONTINENT: India, Nepal
  • INDO-CHINA: Myanmar
Australasia
  • AUSTRALIA: Australia [New South Wales]
Northern America
  • REGION: Mexico, United States
Southern America
  • CARIBBEAN: West Indies
  • MESOAMERICA: Honduras
Economic Uses
UsageTypeNoteReference
Medicinessource of solasodine Nee, M. 1991. Synopsis of Solanum section Acanthophora: a group of interest for glycoalkaloids. Solanaceae III: taxonomy, chemistry, evolution. 1991 264.
Weed  Mullahey, J. J. 1996. Tropical soda apple (Solanum viarum Dunal), a biological pollutant threatening Florida. Castanea 61:255-260.
Cite as: USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Plant Germplasm System. 2025. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN Taxonomy). National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
URL: https://ausgenebank.agriculture.vic.gov.au/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomydetail?id=317433. Accessed 15 December 2025.

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