Skip to content


Taxon:  Brassica oleracea L.



Summary
Genus:
Brassica
Family:
Brassicaceae (alt. Cruciferae)
Tribe:
Brassiceae
Nomen number:
7668
Place of publication:
Sp. pl. 2:667. 1753
Verified:
05/16/2010 ARS Systematic Botanists.
Accessions:
58 (58  active, 27  available) in National Plant Germplasm System.  (Map it)
Other conspecific taxa
Brassica oleracea L. var. alboglabra (L. H. Bailey) Musil (14 active accession[s])
Brassica oleracea L. var. botrytis L. (65 active accession[s])
Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata L. (131 active accession[s])
Brassica oleracea L. var. costata DC. (1 active accession[s])
Brassica oleracea L. var. gemmifera DC. (7 active accession[s])
Brassica oleracea L. var. gongylodes L. (5 active accession[s])
Brassica oleracea L. var. italica Plenck (2 active accession[s])
Brassica oleracea L. var. medullosa Thell. (74 active accession[s])
Brassica oleracea L. var. oleracea (2 active accession[s])
Brassica oleracea L. var. palmifolia DC. (0 active accession[s])
Brassica oleracea L. var. ramosa DC. (9 active accession[s])
Brassica oleracea L. var. sabauda L. (16 active accession[s])
Brassica oleracea L. var. sabellica L. (6 active accession[s])
Brassica oleracea L. var. viridis L. (69 active accession[s])
Autonyms (not in current use), synonyms and invalid designations
No images


Reference(s)
  1. Aldén, B., S. Ryman & M. Hjertson. Våra kulturväxters namn - ursprung och användning. Formas, Stockholm (Handbook on Swedish cultivated and utility plants, their names and origin). 2009
  2. Allender, C. J. et al. 2007. Simple sequence repeats reveal uneven distribution of genetic diversity in chloroplast genomes of Brassica oleracea L. and (n=9) wild relatives. Theor. Appl. Genet. 114:609-618.
  3. Allender, C. J. et al. 2007. Simple sequence repeats reveal uneven distribution of genetic diversity in chloroplast genomes of Brassica oleracea L. and (n=9) wild relatives. Theor. Appl. Genet. 114:609-618.
  4. Anderson, J. K. & S. I. Warwick. 1999. Chromosome number evolution in the tribe Brassiceae (Brassicaceae): evidence from isozyme number. Pl. Syst. Evol. 215:255-285.
  5. Anderson, J. K. & S. I. Warwick. 1999. Chromosome number evolution in the tribe Brassiceae (Brassicaceae): evidence from isozyme number. Pl. Syst. Evol. 215:255-285.
  6. Arumugam, N. et al. 2002. Synthesis of somatic hybrids (RCBB) by fusing heat-tolerant Raphanus sativus (RR) and Brassica oleracea (CC) with Brassica nigra (BB). Pl. Breed. (New York) 121:168-170.
  7. Arumugam, N. et al. 2002. Synthesis of somatic hybrids (RCBB) by fusing heat-tolerant Raphanus sativus (RR) and Brassica oleracea (CC) with Brassica nigra (BB). Pl. Breed. (New York) 121:168-170.
  8. Botanical Society of the British Isles. BSBI taxon database (on-line resource).
  9. Bothmer, R. von et al. 1995. Brassica sect. Brassica (Brassicaceae). II. Inter- and intraspecific crosses with cultivars of B. oleracea. Genet. Resources Crop Evol. 42:165-178.
  10. Bothmer, R. von et al. 1995. Brassica sect. Brassica (Brassicaceae). II. Inter- and intraspecific crosses with cultivars of B. oleracea. Genet. Resources Crop Evol. 42:165-178.
  11. Chèvre, A. M. et al. 1997. Identification of the different Brassica nigra chromosomes from both sets of B. oleracea-B. nigra and B. napus-B. nigra addition lines with a special emphasis on chromosome transmission ... Theor. Appl. Genet. 94:603-611.
  12. Chèvre, A. M. et al. 1997. Identification of the different Brassica nigra chromosomes from both sets of B. oleracea-B. nigra and B. napus-B. nigra addition lines with a special emphasis on chromosome transmission ... Theor. Appl. Genet. 94:603-611.
  13. Cheung, F. et al. 2009. Comparative analysis between homoeologous genome segments of Brassica napus and its progenitor species reveals extensive sequence-level divergence. Pl. Cell 21:1912-1928.
  14. Cheung, F. et al. 2009. Comparative analysis between homoeologous genome segments of Brassica napus and its progenitor species reveals extensive sequence-level divergence. Pl. Cell 21:1912-1928.
  15. Chrungu, B. et al. 1999. Production and characterization of interspecific hybrids between Brassica maurorum and crop brassicas. Theor. Appl. Genet. 98:608-613.
  16. Chrungu, B. et al. 1999. Production and characterization of interspecific hybrids between Brassica maurorum and crop brassicas. Theor. Appl. Genet. 98:608-613.
  17. Clapham, A. R. et al. Flora of the British Isles ed. 2. 1962
  18. Davis, P. H., ed. Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean islands. 1965-1988
  19. Divaret, I. et al. 1999. RAPD markers on seed bulks efficiently assess the genetic diversity of a Brassica oleracea L. collection. Theor. Appl. Genet. 98:1029-1035.
  20. Divaret, I. et al. 1999. RAPD markers on seed bulks efficiently assess the genetic diversity of a Brassica oleracea L. collection. Theor. Appl. Genet. 98:1029-1035.
  21. Ellis, P. R. et al. 1999. Identification of high levels of resistance to cabbage root fly, Delia radicum, in wild Brassica species. Euphytica 110:207-214.
  22. Ellis, P. R. et al. 1999. Identification of high levels of resistance to cabbage root fly, Delia radicum, in wild Brassica species. Euphytica 110:207-214.
  23. Erhardt, W. et al. Der große Zander: Enzyklopädie der Pflanzennamen. 2008
  24. Erickson, L. R. et al. 1983. Restriction patterns reveal origins of chloroplast genomes in Brassica amphiploids. Theor. Appl. Genet. 65:201-206.
  25. Erickson, L. R. et al. 1983. Restriction patterns reveal origins of chloroplast genomes in Brassica amphiploids. Theor. Appl. Genet. 65:201-206.
  26. Eriksson, O. et al. Flora of Macaronesia: checklist of vascular plants, ed. 2. 1979
  27. FitzJohn, R. G. et al. 2007. Hybridisation within Brassica and allied genera: evaluation of potential for transgene escape. Euphytica 158:209-230.
  28. FitzJohn, R. G. et al. 2007. Hybridisation within Brassica and allied genera: evaluation of potential for transgene escape. Euphytica 158:209-230.
  29. Grellin, J. K. & J. Philpott. A reference guide to medicinal plants. 1990
  30. Hansen, L. N. & E. D. Earle. 1995. Transfer of resistance to Xanthomonas campestris pv campestris into Brassica oleracea L. by protoplast fusion. Theor. Appl. Genet. 91:1293-1300.
  31. Hansen, L. N. & E. D. Earle. 1995. Transfer of resistance to Xanthomonas campestris pv campestris into Brassica oleracea L. by protoplast fusion. Theor. Appl. Genet. 91:1293-1300.
  32. Hansen, L. N. & E. D. Earle. 1997. Somatic hybrids between Brassica oleracea L. and Sinapis alba L. with resistance to Alternaria brassicae (Berk.) Sacc. Theor. Appl. Genet. 94:1078-1085.
  33. Inaba, R. & T. Nishio. 2002. Phylogenetic analysis of Brassiceae based on the nucleotide sequences of the S-locus related gene, SLR1. Theor. Appl. Genet. 105:1159-1165.
  34. Inaba, R. & T. Nishio. 2002. Phylogenetic analysis of Brassiceae based on the nucleotide sequences of the S-locus related gene, SLR1. Theor. Appl. Genet. 105:1159-1165.
  35. Iniguez-Luy, F. L. et al. 2009. Development of public immortal mapping populations, molecular markers and linkage maps for rapid cycling Brassica rapa and B. oleracea. Theor. Appl. Genet. 120:31-43.
  36. Iniguez-Luy, F. L. et al. 2009. Development of public immortal mapping populations, molecular markers and linkage maps for rapid cycling Brassica rapa and B. oleracea. Theor. Appl. Genet. 120:31-43.
  37. Inomata, N. 2002. A cytogenetic study of the progenies of hybrids between Brassica napus and Brassica oleracea, Brassica bourgeaui, Brassica cretica and Brassica montana. Pl. Breed. (New York) 121:174-176.
  38. Inomata, N. 2002. A cytogenetic study of the progenies of hybrids between Brassica napus and Brassica oleracea, Brassica bourgeaui, Brassica cretica and Brassica montana. Pl. Breed. (New York) 121:174-176.
  39. International Seed Testing Association. A Multilingual Glossary of Common Plant-Names 1. Field crops, grasses and vegetables, ed. 2. 1982
  40. Iwatsuki, K. et al. Flora of Japan. 1993-
  41. Jalas, J. & J. Suominen. Atlas florae europaeae. 1972-
  42. Kalia, P. 2009. Chapter 16. Genetic improvement in vegetable crucifers. Biology and breeding of Crucifers. 2009 310-342.
  43. Kalia, P. 2009. Chapter 16. Genetic improvement in vegetable crucifers. Biology and breeding of Crucifers. 2009 310-342.
  44. Kellerman, T. S. et al. Plant poisonings and mycotoxicoses of livestock in Southern Africa. 1988
  45. Kianian, S. F. & C. F. Quiros. 1992. Trait inheritance, fertility, and genomic relationships of some n=9 Brassica species. Genet. Resources Crop Evol. 39:165-175.
  46. Kianian, S. F. & C. F. Quiros. 1992. Trait inheritance, fertility, and genomic relationships of some n=9 Brassica species. Genet. Resources Crop Evol. 39:165-175.
  47. Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. Flora SSSR. 1934-1964
  48. Lázaro, A. & I. Aguinagalde. 1998. Genetic diversity in Brassica oleracea L. (Cruciferae) and wild relatives (2n=18) using isozymes. Ann. Bot. (Oxford) 82:821-828.
  49. Lázaro, A. & I. Aguinagalde. 1998. Genetic diversity in Brassica oleracea L. (Cruciferae) and wild relatives (2n=18) using isozymes. Ann. Bot. (Oxford) 82:821-828.
  50. Lázaro, A. & I. Aguinagalde. 1998. Genetic diversity in Brassica oleracea L. (Cruciferae) and wild relatives (2n=18) using RAPD markers. Ann. Bot. (Oxford) 82:829-833.
  51. Lázaro, A. & I. Aguinagalde. 1998. Genetic diversity in Brassica oleracea L. (Cruciferae) and wild relatives (2n=18) using RAPD markers. Ann. Bot. (Oxford) 82:829-833.
  52. Lanné C. et al. 1996. Genetic validity of RAPD markers at the intra- and inter-specific level in wild Brassica species with n=9. Theor. Appl. Genet. 93:9-14.
  53. Lanné C. et al. 1996. Genetic validity of RAPD markers at the intra- and inter-specific level in wild Brassica species with n=9. Theor. Appl. Genet. 93:9-14.
  54. Lannér-Herrera, C. et al. 1996. Diversity in natural populations of wild Brassica oleracea as estimated by isozyme and RAPD analysis. Genet. Resources Crop Evol. 43:13-23.
  55. Lannér-Herrera, C. et al. 1996. Diversity in natural populations of wild Brassica oleracea as estimated by isozyme and RAPD analysis. Genet. Resources Crop Evol. 43:13-23.
  56. Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. Hortus third. 1976
  57. Mansfeld, R. Die Kulturpflanze, Beiheft 2. 1959
  58. McGuffin, M., J. T. Kartesz, A. Y. Leung, & A. O. Tucker. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2. 2000
  59. Mei, J. et al. 2010. Genomic relationships between wild and cultivated Brassica oleracea L. with emphasis on the origination of cultivated crops. Genet. Resources Crop Evol. 57:1-15.
  60. Mei, J. et al. 2010. Genomic relationships between wild and cultivated Brassica oleracea L. with emphasis on the origination of cultivated crops. Genet. Resources Crop Evol. 57:1-15.
  61. Moerman, D. Native American ethnobotany, ed. 5. 1998
  62. Munro, D. B. Canadian poisonous plants information system (on-line resource).
  63. Nagpal, R. et al. 2008. Molecular systematics of Brassica and allied genera in subtribes Brassicinae, Raphaninae, Moricandiinae, and Cakilinae (Brassicaceae, tribe Brassiceae); the organization and evolution of ribosomal gene families. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 157:545-557.
  64. Nagpal, R. et al. 2008. Molecular systematics of Brassica and allied genera in subtribes Brassicinae, Raphaninae, Moricandiinae, and Cakilinae (Brassicaceae, tribe Brassiceae); the organization and evolution of ribosomal gene families. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 157:545-557.
  65. Nasir, E. & S. I. Ali, eds. Flora of [West] Pakistan. 1970-
  66. Nieuwhof, M. 1969. Cole crops. 1-353.
  67. Panda, S. et al. 2003. Chloroplast and nuclear DNA studies in a few members of the Brassica oleracea L. group using PCR-RFLP and ISSR-PCR markers: a population genetic analysis. Theor. Appl. Genet. 106:1122-1128.
  68. Panda, S. et al. 2003. Chloroplast and nuclear DNA studies in a few members of the Brassica oleracea L. group using PCR-RFLP and ISSR-PCR markers: a population genetic analysis. Theor. Appl. Genet. 106:1122-1128.
  69. Porcher, M. H. et al. Searchable World Wide Web Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database (MMPND) (on-line resource).
  70. Pradhan, A. K. et al. 1992. Phylogeny of Brassica and allied genera based on variation in chloroplast and mitochondrial DNA patterns: molecular and taxonomic classifications are incongruous. Theor. Appl. Genet. 85:331-340.
  71. Pradhan, A. K. et al. 1992. Phylogeny of Brassica and allied genera based on variation in chloroplast and mitochondrial DNA patterns: molecular and taxonomic classifications are incongruous. Theor. Appl. Genet. 85:331-340.
  72. Prakash, S. & K. Hinata. 1980. Taxonomy, cytogenetics and origin of crop brassicas, a review. Opera Bot. 55:9.
  73. Rygulla, W. et al. 2007. Broadening the genetic basis of Verticillium longisporum resistance in Brassica napus by interspecific hybridization. Phytopathology 97:1391-1396.
  74. Rygulla, W. et al. 2007. Broadening the genetic basis of Verticillium longisporum resistance in Brassica napus by interspecific hybridization. Phytopathology 97:1391-1396.
  75. Scheffler, J. A. & P. J. Dale. 1994. Opportunities for gene transfer from transgenic oilseed rape (Brassica napus) to related species. Transgenic Res. 3:263-278.
  76. Scheffler, J. A. & P. J. Dale. 1994. Opportunities for gene transfer from transgenic oilseed rape (Brassica napus) to related species. Transgenic Res. 3:263-278.
  77. Siemonsma, J. S. & Kasem Piluek, eds. 1993. Vegetables. Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA). 1989- 8:108.
  78. Snogerup, S. 1980. Chapter 7. The wild forms of the Brassica oleracea group (2n=18) and their possible relations to the cultivated ones. Brassica crop and wild allies, biology and breeding. 1980 121-132.
  79. Snogerup, S. 1980. Chapter 7. The wild forms of the Brassica oleracea group (2n=18) and their possible relations to the cultivated ones. Brassica crop and wild allies, biology and breeding. 1980 121-132.
  80. Snowdon, R. et al. 2007. Chapter 7. Brassica oilseeds. Genetic resources, chromosome engineering, and crop improvement. 2005- 196-230.
  81. Snowdon, R. et al. 2007. Chapter 7. Brassica oilseeds. Genetic resources, chromosome engineering, and crop improvement. 2005- 196-230.
  82. Song, K. et al. 1988. Brassica taxonomy based on nuclear restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs). 1. Genome evolution of diploid and amphidiploid species. Theor. Appl. Genet. 75:784-794.
  83. Song, K. et al. 1988. Brassica taxonomy based on nuclear restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs). 1. Genome evolution of diploid and amphidiploid species. Theor. Appl. Genet. 75:784-794.
  84. Song, K. et al. 1990. Brassica taxonomy based on nuclear restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs). 3. Genome relationships in Brassica and related genera and the origin of B. oleracea and B. rapa (syn. campestris). Theor. Appl. Genet. 79:497-506.
  85. Song, K. et al. 1990. Brassica taxonomy based on nuclear restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs). 3. Genome relationships in Brassica and related genera and the origin of B. oleracea and B. rapa (syn. campestris). Theor. Appl. Genet. 79:497-506.
  86. Song, K. et al. 1995. Rapid genome change in synthetic polyploids of Brassica and its implications for polyploid evolution. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 92:7719-7723.
  87. Song, K. et al. 1995. Rapid genome change in synthetic polyploids of Brassica and its implications for polyploid evolution. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 92:7719-7723.
  88. Takahata, Y. & K. Hinata. 1983. Studies on cytodemes in subtribe Brassicinae (Cruciferae). Tohoku J. Agric. Res. 33:111-124.
  89. Takahata, Y. & K. Hinata. 1983. Studies on cytodemes in subtribe Brassicinae (Cruciferae). Tohoku J. Agric. Res. 33:111-124.
  90. Tonguç, M. & P. D. Griffiths. 2004. Development of black rot resistant interspecific hybrids between Brassica oleracea L. cultivars and Brassica accession A 19182, using embryo rescue. Euphytica 136:313-318.
  91. Tonguç, M. & P. D. Griffiths. 2004. Development of black rot resistant interspecific hybrids between Brassica oleracea L. cultivars and Brassica accession A 19182, using embryo rescue. Euphytica 136:313-318.
  92. Tonguç, M. & P. D. Griffiths. 2004. Genetic relationships of Brassica vegetables determined usind database derived simple sequence repeats. Euphytica 137:193-201.
  93. Tonguç, M. & P. D. Griffiths. 2004. Genetic relationships of Brassica vegetables determined usind database derived simple sequence repeats. Euphytica 137:193-201.
  94. Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. Flora europaea. 1964-1980
  95. Uphof, J. C. T. Dictionary of economic plants, ed. 2. 1968
  96. Velasco, L. et al. 1998. Variability for the fatty acid composition of the seed oil in a germplasm collection of the genus Brassica. Genet. Resources Crop Evol. 45:371-382.
  97. Velasco, L. et al. 1998. Variability for the fatty acid composition of the seed oil in a germplasm collection of the genus Brassica. Genet. Resources Crop Evol. 45:371-382.
  98. Warwick, S. I. & C. A. Sauder. 2005. Phylogeny of tribe Brassiceae (Brassicaceae) based on chloroplast restriction site polymorphisms and nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer and chloroplast trnL intron sequences. Canad. J. Bot. 83:467-483.
  99. Warwick, S. I. & C. A. Sauder. 2005. Phylogeny of tribe Brassiceae (Brassicaceae) based on chloroplast restriction site polymorphisms and nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer and chloroplast trnL intron sequences. Canad. J. Bot. 83:467-483.
  100. Warwick, S. I. & L. D. Black. 1991. Molecular systematics of Brassica and allied genera (Subtribe Brassicinae, Brassiceae) - chloroplast genome and cytodeme congruence. Theor. Appl. Genet. 82:81-92.
  101. Warwick, S. I. & L. D. Black. 1991. Molecular systematics of Brassica and allied genera (Subtribe Brassicinae, Brassiceae) - chloroplast genome and cytodeme congruence. Theor. Appl. Genet. 82:81-92.
  102. Warwick, S. I. et al. 2009. PART III. Interspecific and intergeneric hybridization data. Guide to wild germplasm of Brassica and allied crops (Tribe Brassiceae, Brassicaceae), ed. 3 (on-line resource). 1-91.
  103. Wu Zheng-yi & P. H. Raven et al., eds. Flora of China (English edition). 1994-
Common names
English
cabbage –
kale –
wild cabbage –
German
Kohl –
Italian
cavolo –
Japanese Rōmaji
kanran –
Swedish
kål –
Transcribed Chinese
ye gan lan –
Distribution
order_codeStatusContinentSubcontinentCountryStateNote
1NativeEuropeMiddle EuropeGermanySchleswig-Holstein 
1NativeEuropeNorthern EuropeUnited Kingdom  
1NativeEuropeSouthwestern EuropeFrance  
1NativeEuropeSouthwestern EuropeSpain  
2Cultivated     
Native
Europe
  • MIDDLE EUROPE: Germany [Schleswig-Holstein]
  • NORTHERN EUROPE: United Kingdom
  • SOUTHWESTERN EUROPE: Spain, France
Cultivated ()
Economic Uses
UsageTypeNoteReference
Vertebrate poisonsmammals Kellerman, T. S. et al. Plant poisonings and mycotoxicoses of livestock in Southern Africa. 1988
Cite as: USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Plant Germplasm System. 2024. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN Taxonomy). National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
URL: https://ausgenebank.agriculture.vic.gov.au/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomydetail?id=7668. Accessed 2 December 2024.

Privacy policy

The Australian Grains Genebank collects personal information, such as organisation, contact and address details for the purposes of registering donor information when new germplasms are deposited into the AGG, or as recipient information when orders for seed are placed. Once registered, you can self-manage your personal information through your user profile. No information is made publicly available as recipient of germplasm from the Australian Grains Genebank

Read the Australian Grains Genebank Privacy Policy


GRIN-Global project